Conservative Ideology in the Making

Table of Contents

Table of Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 Modernity and Identity 1 Liberalisms and Conservatisms 3 Images of the Enemy 6 Conservatism 11 Its Definition and Types 11 Hungarian Conservatives: Context and Dilemmas 15 The Liberal Challenge: Nation-Building through Reforms 25 The Conservative Answer: Law, Order, and Stability 31 What to Preserve, What to Give Up, and What to Modernize? (1839–1842) 31 The Figure of the Founding Father 31 The Overture to Cautious Progress: The Memorandum 35 The First Liberal–Conservative Press Debate 41 Order-Based Modernity 54 Separation vs. Unification (1842–1843) 61 Conservative Reform 61 The Magyar Nation and the Non-Magyar Nationalities 66 Us and Them: Aristocracy vs. Democracy 74 Law and Order: Which Kind? (1843–1844) 79 What is to be Done with the Counties? 79 Conservative Arguments against the Juries 83 The Dietal Weight of the Cities 85 Failure of the Diet: Their Interpretations 88 Journalists’ Offensive: Issues and Arguments (1845–1847) 93 Western Models and Hungarian Conditions 95 Constitutionalism 105 viii Table of Contents Toleration: Its Guarantees 112 Aristocracy, Nation, and Empire 121 Two Liberal Interpretations 134 Party Programs (1846–1847) 137 The Program of the Conservatives 137 The Opposition Program 148 The Differences 156 Conservative Politics in Defense (1847–1848) 160 The Immediate Precedent 160 Conservative Positions and Arguments 164 The Defeat of the Conservatives 172 Myth in the Making 179 The Conservatives in 1848/49 179 In Opposition 181 “Outcasts” of the Ausgleich 185 The Process of Mythmaking 187 Epilogue 189 Symbolic Link between Three Types of Conservatives (1927) 189 Conservative Master Narrative (1920, 1933) 191 Metamorphoses Narrationis (1942, 1947) 194 The Constant Core (1913–1955) 198 The Ethnicist Re-Reading of the Master Narrative (1939) 200 Competing Visions of National History 202 Primary Sources and Literature 207 Index 253 ...