A Cardboard Castle?: An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact, 1955-1991

Main Actors

Main Actors Leading Officials of the Warsaw Treaty Organization and its Member-States, 1955–1991 WARSAW TREATY ORGANIZATION Supreme Commanders of the Unified Armed Forces: – Ivan S. Konev (1955–1960) – Andrei A. Grechko (1960–1967) – Ivan I. Iakubovskii (1968–1976) – Viktor G. Kulikov (1977–1989) – Petr G. Lushev (1989–1991) Chiefs of Staff of the Unified Armed Forces: – Aleksei I. Antonov (1955–1962) – Pavel I. Batov (1962–1965) – Mikhail I. Kazakov (1965–1968) – Sergei M. Shtemenko (1969–1976) – Anatolii I. Gribkov (1976–1989) – Vladimir N. Lobov (1989–1991) ALBANIA First Secretaries of the Communist Party: – Enver Hoxha (1941–1985) – Ramiz Alia (1985–1991) Chairmen of the Presidium of the People’s Assembly (or President): – Haxhi Lleshi (1953–1982) – Ramiz Alia (1982–1992) Chairmen of the Council of Ministers: – Mehmet Shehu (1954–1981) – Adil Çarçani (1981–1991) Prime Ministers: – Fatos Nano (1991) – Ylli Bufi (1991) Ministers of Defense: – Beqir Balluku (1953–1974) – Mehmet Shehu (1974–1980) – Kadri Hazbiu (1980–1982) – Prokop Murra (1982–1990) – Kico Mustaqi (1990–1991) – Ndricim Karakaci (1991) 685 Ministers of Foreign Affairs: – Behar Shtylla (1953–1970) – Nesti Nase (1970–1982) – Reiz Malile (1982–1991) – Muhamet Kapllani (1991) BULGARIA First Secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party: – Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) – Petar Mladenov (1989–1990) Chairmen of the Bulgarian Socialist Party (after April 3, 1990): – Aleksander Lilov (1990–1991) – Zhan Videnov (1991–1996) Chairmen of the Council of Ministers: – Vŭlko Chervenkov (1950–1956) – Anton Yugov (1956–1962) – Todor Zhivkov (1962–1971) – Stanko Georgiev (1971–1981) – Grisha Filipov (1981–1986) – Georgi Atanasov (1986–1990) – Andrei Lukanov (1990) – Dimitŭr Popov (1990–1991) – Filip Dimitrov (1991–1992) Presidents: – Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) – Petar Mladenov (1989–1990) – Zhelyu Zhelev (1990–1997) Ministers of Defense: – Petar Panchevski (1950–1958) – Ivan Popov (1958–1962) – Dobri Dzhurov (1962–1990) – Yordan Mutafchiev (1990–1991) – Dimitŭr Ludzhev (1991–1992) Ministers of Foreign Affairs: – Mincho Neychev (1950–1956) – Karlo Lukanov (1956–1962) – Ivan Bashev (1962–1971) – Petar Mladenov (1971–1989) – Boiko Dimitrov (1989–1990) – Lyuben Gotsev (1990) – Viktor Valkov (1990–1991) – Stoyan Ganev (1991–1993) 686 CZECHOSLOVAKIA First Secretaries (or Chairmen) of the Communist Party: – Antonín Novotný (1953–1968) – Alexander Dubček (1968–1969) – Gustav Husák (1969–1987) – Miloš Jakeš (1987–1989 Presidents: – Antonín Zápotocký (1953–1957) – Antonín Novotný (1957–1968) – Ludvík Svoboda (1968–1975) – Gustáv Husák (1975–1989) – Václav Havel (1989–1992) Chairmen of the Council of Ministers: – Viliam Široký (1953–1963) – Jozef Lenárt (1963–1968) – Oldřich Černík (1968–1970) – Lubomír Štrougal (1970–1988) – Ladislav Adamec (1988–1989) – Marián Čalfa (1989–1992) Premiers of the Czech Republic: – Stanislav Rázl (1969) – Josef Kempný (1969–1970) – Josef Korčák (1970–1987) – Ladislav Adamec (1987–1988) – František Pitra (1988–1990) – Petr PiŅhart (1990–1992) Premiers of the Slovak Republic: – Štefan Sádovský (1969) – Peter Colotka (1969–1988) – Ivan Knotek (1988–1989) – Pavol Hrivnák (1989) – Milan Čič (1989–1990) – Vladimír Mečiar (1990–1998) Ministers of Defense: – Bohumír Lomský (1956–1968) – Martin Dzúr (1968–1985) – Milan Václavík (1985–1989) – Miroslav Vacek (1989–1990) – Luboš Dobrovský (1990–1992) Ministers of Foreign Affairs: – Václav David (1953–1968) – Jiří Hájek (1968–1968) – Oldřich Černík (1968) – Václav Pleskot (1968) 687 – Ján Marko (1969–1971) – Bohuslav Chňoupek (1971–1988) – Jaromír Johanes (1988–1989) – Jiří Dienstbier (1989–1992) EAST GERMANY General Secretaries (or Chairmen) of the Socialist Unity Party: – Otto Grotewohl and Wilhelm Pieck (1946–1950) [of the SPD and KPD, respectively] – Walter Ulbricht (1950–1971) – Erich Honecker (1971–1989) – Egon Krenz (1989) – Gregor Gysi (1989–1990) State Presidents: – Johannes Dieckmann (1949, acting) – Wilhelm Pieck (1949–1960) – Johannes Dieckmann (1960, acting) Chairmen of the Council of State: – Walter Ulbricht (1960–1973) – Friedrich Ebert (1973, acting) – Willi Stoph (1973–1976) – Erich Honecker (1976–1989) – Egon Krenz (1989) – Manfred Gerlach (1989–1990, acting) – Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (1990) Chairmen of the Council of Ministers: – Otto Grotewohl (1949–1964) – Willi Stoph (1964–1973) – Horst Sindermann (1973–1976) – Willi Stoph (1976–1989) – Hans Modrow (1989–1990) – Lothar de Maizière (1990) Ministers of Defense: – Willi Stoph (1956–1960) – Heinz Hoffmann (1960–1985) – Heinz Kessler (1985–1989) – Theodor Hoffmann (1989–1990) – Rainer Eppelmann (1990) Ministers of Foreign Affairs: – Lothar Bolz (1953–1965) – Otto Winzer (1965–1975) – Oskar Fischer (1975–1990) – Markus Meckel (1990) 688 [3.15.147.215] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 07...