Carolina Piedmont Country

Bibliographical Essay

B I B L I O G R A P H I C A L E S S A Y A B B R E V I A T I O N S U S E D CLCU = Cooper Library, Clemson University, Clemson, SC. HCYC = Historical Center of York County, York, SC. MMUSC = McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina, Columbia. PDHRC = Pendleton District Historical and Recreational Commission, Pendleton, SC. UNCCH = University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. USCC = South Caroliniana Library, Universityof South Carolina, Columbia. Introduction On general folklife references, seeJohn M. Vlach, "The Concept ofCommunity and Folklife Study," in American Material Culture and Folklife: A Prologue and Dialogue, edited by S. J. Bronner (Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research Press, 1985), 63; and Charles Wilson and William Ferris, eds., Encyclopedia of Southern Culture (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989), 451-57. Sauer's comment is cited by Rupert Vance, Human Geography of the South: A Study in Regional Resourcesand Human Adequacy (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1932), 20; Carl Epting, "What Factors in the Social Heritage of South Carolina Are Favorable or Unfavorable to Education?" M.A. thesis (University of South Carolina, 1924, USCC), 23. On regional folklife, see BarbaraAllen, "Regional Studies in American Folklore Scholarship," in Sense of Place: American Regional Cultures, edited by B. Allen and T..J. Schlereth (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1990), i, 3, and 2. Seealso Sauer's comments in Charles Kovacik and John Winberry, South Carolina: The Making of a Landscape (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1989), 1-2. Others as well have noted the essential connection between a regional sense of place and the folk expressions of those in that place. See for example Michael Ann Williams, Homeplace: The Social Use and Meaning of the Folk Dwelling in Southwestern North Carolina (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991), 145, on folk architecture; John M. Vlach, The Afro-American Tradition in Decorative Arts (Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978), 148; and Vlach, "The Concept of Community," 63,71-73, on folk art. On the persis231 2j2 Bibliographical Essay tence to Carolina Piedmont folklife, see Gary Stanton. Collecting South Carolina Folk An: A Guide (Columbia: McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina, 1989), i, 2; Daniel Patterson and Charles Zug III, "Introduction ," in Arts in Earnest: North Carolina Folklife, edited by D. Patterson and C. Zug III (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1990), 24. Holly Mathews, "Killing the Self-HelpTradition among African Americans: The Case of Lay Midwifery in North Carolina, 1912-1983," inAfrican Americans in the South: Issues of Race, Class, and Gender, edited by H. Baer and Y. Jones (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992), 78, argues that some traditions, like midwifery, may actually be deliberately legislated out of existence. M E T H O D O L O G Y For this methodology, see Jacquelyn Hall et al., Like a Family: The Making of a Southern Cotton Mill World (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), xii-xiii. Morland's comments come from a talk he delivered at a regional college in South Carolina on January 7,1949. Seealso his field notes (1948-49), Field Studies in the Modern Culture ofthe South, in the Southern Historical Collection of the Manuscripts Department, UNCCH. See also Morland, Millways of Kent (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1958), 7. The actual authorship of these notes appears to be uncertain, but they are cited as they appear in the archives. Ralph Patrick , one of the researchers for the project and evidently the one assigned to study the "townways of Kent," reported in his 1948-49 field notes that there seemed to be a "defensive attitude" about the study and a concern that Kent will "show up well." While two books on Kent were completed (Millways and Blackways of Kent), the third never appeared. The unpublished manuscript exists as Patrick's dissertation, "A Cultural Approach to Social Stratification" (Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., 1953; HCYC). For my study, about 25 percent (8 of 30) of these recorded informants have been of African-American descent and about 46 percent have been women (14 of 30). As examples of secondary sources, see Rosser H. Taylor, Carolina Crossroads: A Study of Rural Life at the End of the Horse-and-Buggy Era (Murfreesboro, N.C.: Johnson Publishing Co., 1966), 1-2, whose observations of the people of eastern and central Carolina are based "on the memory of one who knew them well." See...