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GW_501-516.indd 501 5/2/12 8:05 AM INDEX Abercrombie, Robert, 17, 266 Adams, John: as author, 341n, 378; as Congressman, 26; and Declaration of Independence, son, 6rn; Minister to Britain, 314n, 315-16; Minister to Holland , 209n, 3II, 340; as President, xiii, xiv, 453, 456, 459-61, 463- 65; proponent of independence, 49; as Vice-President, 326, 340-41, 379; wartime negotiations, 61-63, 340 Adams, Samuel, 41n, 453n Algiers: maritime raiders, 332, 401, 402, 409; U.S. treaty with, 432, 436-37, 455· See also Barbary states Alien and Sedition Acts, 403n Alleghany mountains, 5, 8, 12, 368, 416 American military. See Continental army; National defense system American naval forces: at Charleston, 195; privateers, 25n, 142, 219, 380, 382, 385, 387; and Quebec, retreat from, 3940 ; rearmament of, 438, 450; recall of, 294- 95. Seealso Barbary states American Revolution: Articles of Peace signed, 291, 295; objects of, 48, 83; peace negotiations, 61-63, 286-88, 291; precursors to, 41n, 62 Anas (Jefferson), xv Andre, John, xix, 220-22 Annapolis convention, 318, 320 Arbuthnot, Marrier: fleet at Newport, 250, 251; New York reinforcements, 188; in Southern stares, 193, 194, 197 Armand, Charles, 203 Armstrong, John, 94, 102, 182, 204 Army of the United Colonies. See Continental army Arnold, Benedict: and British supply raiders, 86; Canadian invasion, 33-37, 39-40, 144n; and Connecticut forts, 263; New York defense, 121, 123; Quebec blockade, 36-37; at Saratoga, battle of, 127; treasonous acts, 219-23; Virginia invasion, 244-45, 251, 252 Articles of Confederation: failure of selfgovernment under, xvi, JIIn, 312; nature of Congress under, 170n, I7Jn, 291; ratification of, 250; revision of, 323 Articles of Peace (1783): alleged violations of, 313, 315-16, 349-50, 371; establishment of, 291, 295 Attorney General. See Bradford,William; Lee, Charles; Randolph, Edmund Austria, and Polish partition, 39211 Bank of the United States, creation of, 260, 353· 358 Barbary stares: commerce raiders, 314, 332, 333, 401; protection of vessels near, 402, 409, 450. See also Algiers Barras, Count of. See St. Laurent, JacquesMelchior Battle of Bunker Hill, 25n, 65n Baum, Friedrich, 122-23 Baylor, George, 162-63, 179 Beauvoir, Frano;ois-Jean de, Chevalier de Chastelleux, 264 Beckwith, George, 331, 350-51 Bird, Henry, 85 Blair, John, 339 Bland, Theodorick, 179 Blount, Thomas, 436 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 445n, 457-58n Boston: British besieged in, 23-24, 26-29, 46; French fleet near, 160, 161 Bouquet, Henry, 17-18 501 GW_501-516.indd 502 5/2/12 8:05 AM ~Index:>&>Braddock , Edward, 9-10, 18 Bradford, William, 401, 417, 432 Brandt, Joseph, 168 Brandywine, battle of, 93-97 Britain: Canadian dominions, 170, 258; colonial trade, 314, 332-33; and FrancoAmerican treaty, 143; French declaration of war against, 380; institutional models, 49; Navigation Act, 314; peace commissioners , 141, 165- 68, 287; relations with U.S., 348- 51, 370- 71, 396, 455; U.S. debts to, 404. See also Articles of Peace; George III British military forces: behavior toward citizens, 83, 175; Canada reinforcements, 38, 39; commissary of prisoners, 14547 ; dragoons, 122; Georgia occupation, 175, q6, 200, 249, 283, 288; grenadiers, 42-43; Hessian mercenaries, 56- 57, 6869 , 72-73, 94, 106, 144; Irish regiments, 273, 276; in New Jersey, 74-83; New York occupation, 58-59, 64, 182, 189, 193, 297; in Ohio region, 4-5, 413-15; Philadelphia occupation, 99, 100, 111, 133, 148-49; provisions for, 24, 131-32, 133, 137; Rl10de Island occupation, 74, 161, 182, 189; Saratoga convention, 128, 140-41, 142; South Carolina occupation, 200-201, 229- 36; structure of, 42n; Wilmingron occupation, 96. See also French and Indian War British naval forces: Charleston area, 45; on Delaware River, 105-10; embargo against France, 394-95, 403; on Hudson River, 71; impressment by, 395; Long Island guardians, 86-87; maritime raids, 389-90, 403, 404; at Newpon , 159, 161, 216, 251; New York bombardment, 64; New York evacuation, 297; on Penobscot River, r87; near Quebec, 37- 38, 3940 ; raids on coastal towns, 24, 162; in Virginia, 244, 262 British Parliament: on American Revolution , 62, 285-87; Navigation Act, 314; Prohibitory Act, 62n; Stamp Act, 41 Brooklyn, battle of, 51, 54-58 Bunker Hill, battle of, 25n, 65n Burgoyne, John, xvii; journey to Europe, n5; in New Hampshire, 122-23; New Jersey campaign, 87; New York campaign, 90, 92, 119, 120- 21; at Sararoga, battle of, 87n, ro7n, 125 map, n6-z8, 130; and Saratoga convention, 128, 140 -41; at Stillwater, battle of, 124-25 Burke, Aedanus, 307n Burr, Aaron...

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