Habsburg Lemberg: Architecture, Public Space, and Politics in the Galician Capital, 1772-1914

Contents

Contents Acknowledgments xiii Foreword xv Introduction: The Other Lemberg 1 Chapter One: Architecture, Public Space, and Politics Revisited 19 Vormärz to Fin de Siècle: Disorder, Cultural Politics, Beautification 21 Vormärz: Verschönerungsplan and Its Restrictions Neoabsolutism: Disorder and Representation Fin de Siècle: Upiększenie, Renaming, and Memorializing Imperial Loyalty and Nationalism: Convergence versus Divergence 37 Vormärz: Taming Polish Nationalism? Neoabsolutism to Autonomy: Parteien into Nations and the Survival of Habsburg Loyalty Public Space, Nationalism, Construction 43 The Official Concept of Public Space Public Representation and Segregated Socializing: Vormärz to Constitutionalism Chapter Two: Writing the City: Bureaucrats, Historians, Technicians, and Nationals 63 Bureaucrats and Reason: Franz Kratter, Joseph Rohrer, and the Polish Context 64 Vormärz, Architects: Ignac Chambrez between Vienna and Prague 73 Bureaucrats and Nationalism 76 Agenor Gołuchowski Edmund Mochnacki and Tadeusz Rutowski Poles: Historicism, Historians, and “Technicians” 83 Ruthenians: Russophiles, Ukrainians, and “Germanized Individuals” 93 Gentiles and Places of Filth and Stench 100 Fin de Siècle, Architects: Julian Zachariewicz and Artistic Civilizations 110 Chapter Three: Making the City: Institutions, Parks, Monuments 133 Institutions: Vaterland, Nation, and the Arts 134 Ossolineum, vaterländisch-literarische Institut Skarbek Theater, “Der allgemein genüssende Wunsch” The Ruthenian National Institute, One’s Own Truth in One’s Own House Town Hall, “Edelstein im schönen Ringe” Parks: From Places of Solitude into Memorialized Spaces 157 Kiliński Park and the Resistance of Political Power Memorializing Agenor Gołuchowski Monuments on the Street: Imperial Symbolism and Aspirations Unfulfilled 170 Failing with Tadeusz Kościuszko Chapter Four: Using the City: Commemorations, Restorations, Exhibitions 197 Dynastic Ceremonies, Imperial Pomp, and National Celebrations 198 The Spectacles of 1809 Król Kurkowy and the Transformation of the Riflemen Confraternity The Lublin Union Mound in 1869, 1871, and 1874 and the Later Construction The City and the Ruthenians, 1905 Nationalizing Restoration and Westernizing the Past 226 Vienna and the Honorary Curators Laymen, Technicians, and the Invention of Wawel’s Past The City, the Municipal Archive, and the External Advisers Westernizing Medieval Churches: Julian Zachariewicz Polonizing the Armenian Cathedral Landesausstellungen: Technological and National Display 242 1877: The Exhibition of Agriculture and Industry and the Emergence of Technicians 1894 and the Third Congress of Polish Technicians 1910: Polish Art and Polish Technicians Conclusions 275 Abbreviations 305 Bibliography 307 Index 347 ...