Cortina: Defending the Mexican Name in Texas

Notes

Introduction 1. Dobie, A Vaquero of the Brush Country, 50. In Live Oak County, Dobie’s uncle, Sterling Neblett Dobie, had once lost a herd of cattle to the Cortinistas. 2. Ibid., xii, 50. 3. Webb, The Texas Rangers: A Century of Frontier Defense, 176. 4. Ibid., 176–77. 5. Woodman, Cortina: The Rogue of the Rio Grande, 2, 8. 6. Ibid., 9. 7. C. Goldfinch, Juan N. Cortina, 1824–1892: A Re-Appraisal, 10–11, 15. 8. Ibid., 44. 9. Rippy, “Border Troubles along the Rio Grande, 1848–1860,” 93. 10. C. Goldfinch, Cortina, A Re-Appraisal, 59. 11. Ibid., 67. Also, McWilliams, North from Mexico: The Spanish Speaking People of the Untied States, 106–108, 126. 12. C. Goldfinch, Cortina, A Re-Appraisal, 67. 13. Castillo and Camarillo, Furia y Muerte: Los Bandidos Chicanos, 85–112. 14. Hobsbawm, Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movements in the 19th and 20th Centuries, 13–27. 15. De León, They Called Them Greasers: Anglo Attitudes Toward Mexicans in Texas, 1821–1900, 53–55, 83–85; Montejano, Anglos and Mexicans in the Making of Texas, 1836–1986. 16. Rosebaum, Mexicano Resistance in the Southwest: The Sacred Right of Self-Preservation, 42. 17. Carlos Larralde, “Beyond Banditry: The Cortinista Movement of 1848–1876,” 4, 11, unpublished article courtesy of the author. Also, Larralde and Jacobo, Juan N. Cortina and the Struggle for Justice in Texas. Unfortunately, the image used for the cover of this book and in Jerry Thompson ’s Juan Cortina and the Texas-Mexico Frontier, 1859–1877, 70, and in the first edition of the New Handbook of Texas History, 2:344, is not Cortina. See also Larralde: Mexican American Movements and Leaders. 18. Webster, “Texan Manifest Destiny and the Mexican Border Conflict, 1865–1880.” 19. Douglas, “Juan Cortina: El Caudillo de la Frontera.” 20. Ibid., 130. 21. Ibid., 131. 22. Ibid. 23. Callahan, “Mexican Border Troubles: Social War, Settler Colonialism, and the Production of Frontier Discourses, 1848–1880,” 167–68. Like other previous scholars, however, Callahan fails to utilize a host of Mexican documents available on the subject. Notes 24. Johnson, Revolution in Texas: How a Forgotten Rebellion and Its Bloody Suppression Turned Mexicans into Americans, 23. 25. Ibid. 26. Young, Catarino Garza’s Revolution on the Texas-Mexico Border, 8, 19. 27. A portion of Cortina’s November 23, 1859, pronunciamiento has even been reproduced in a popular textbook on the history of the United States. See D. Goldfinch et al., The American Journey: A History of the United States, 391. 28. McMurtry, Lonesome Dove, 111. Also, Larry McMurtry to Mr. Freling, April 15, 1989, in “Archie P. McDonald: Personal Reflections,” Re Arts & Letters 17 (Spring 1991), 41–46. 29. McMurtry, Lonesome Dove, 118. 30. Michener, Texas, 561–62. Chapter One 1. Juan N. Cortina to the Public, September 8, 1875, “Texas Frontier Troubles,” 44th Cong., 1st sess., 117–18.This collection of records will hereafter be referred to as TFT. Three cases are listed in the records of the Cameron County District Court prior to Cortina’s September 1859 raid on Brownsville. See Cause no. 156, State of Texas vs. Nepomeceno [sic] Cortina and José Cisneros; Cause no. 478, A. J. Mason vs. Napomuceno Cortines [sic]; and Cause no. 670, Robert Shears vs. Juan N. Cortina, which resulted from the shooting of the marshal. Minutebook B, 12th Judicial District, District Clerk’s Office, Brownsville, Texas, 232, 255, 265, 277, 416. For Cortina’s pinto horse, see J.T. Hunter, “Captain J.T. Hunter Tells of the Cortina War,” 5. At the time he wrote his article on Cortina in 1911, Hunter claims that he was the last survivor of Tobin’s company of Texas Rangers. 2. Matamoros Daily Ranchero, September 24, 1870. Early family records use the name Cortinas. By 1859, the name Cortina, especially in the English-language press, had become common and has become standard for most scholarship. Cortina, too, came to use “Cortina” instead of “Cortinas .” He is certain to have been named after the fourteenth-century Czech priest, Juan Nepomuceno , who became vicar-general of Prague and confessor of the queen of Bohemia, beatified by Pope Innocent XII in 1721, and whose feast day is May 16. 3. Ibid. Much of the Goseascochea and Cortina genealogy can be seen at: http://www .somosprimos.com/inclan/goseascochea.htm. By 1838, his mother, Estéfana, had indeed moved the family to Matamoros.Matamoros Census (1838...