Mrs. Cordie's Soldier Son: A World War II Saga

Notes

NOTES The Beginning 1. Interview by author, Terrell, Texas, 2004. 2. Conversation with James Lovell, Terrell, Texas, 2003. Also, various conversations with D.C. Caughran Jr. from 1975 to 1988. 3. Conversation with Mildred Barr, Terrell, Texas, 1999. Camp Wolters 1. James S. Lanham letter, Aug. 3, 1942, 1LT, Air Corps, Army of the United States. 2. Caughran Jr. letter, no date. 3. Minor, “Fort Wolters.” Also, a preprinted postcard described Camp Wolters as consisting of fifteen thousand acres and seven hundred buildings. The difference may have to do with its original size compared to its peak during WWII. 4. Ibid. 5. Caughran Jr. letter, no date. 6. Senter, “The Lone Ranger Laments.” In the letter D.C. stated, “See my poem— Some of these northerners made it up.” In January 1944 D.C. transferred from Camp Wolters to Camp Reynolds, PA. Park Ranger Senter was transferred from Hot Springs National Park in Arkansas to Big Bend National Park in Texas in July 1944. The poem D.C. shared with his family refers to U.S. Army life in Texas, and it appears that Senter wrote and published a version of the poem prior to his arrival at Big Bend National Park. 7. Baker Hotel, Mineral Wells, Texas, http://www.mineralwells.com/baker.asp. 8. Baker Hotel, Mineral Wells, Texas, http://www.durangotexas.com/eyesontexas/ textour/mineralwells/bakerhotel.htm. 9. Caughran Jr. letter, October 1943. 10. Newspaper clipping, source unknown. The article, which was included in a letter from Camp Wolters, may well have come from the U.S. Army’s Camp Wolters newspaper. 11. Caughran Jr. postcard, Mar. 10, 1943. 160 Notes to Pages 28–70 12. Karolevitz, “Prelude to War, That’s Tough Hell’s Bottom Special Battle Practice Course at Wolters.” 13. Caughran Jr. letter, Nov. 16, 1943. “Over Here” 1. Coles and Weinberg, Civil Affairs: Soldiers Become Governors, 64. 2. Caughran Jr. letter, Feb. 20, 1944. Not all of the civilian items were returned home, as was ordered. 3. At War in the North Sea 1917–1918. 4. Conversation with Ralph Wisenbaker, ca. 1990. 5. Conversation with A. L. Newburn, ca. 1998. 6. A Short Guide to Great Britain, back cover. 7. Ibid., 1. 8. Ibid., 3. 9. Ibid., 13. 10. Ibid., 23. 11. Ziemke, U.S. Army in the Occupation of Germany, 1944–1945, 62. 12. Ibid., 70. 13. National Archives and Records Administration, George R. Johnson. 14. History of the 28th Infantry Division. 15. Caughran Jr. letter, May 11, 1944. The U.S. soldiers did not always have enough chewing gum for everyone. In addition, distributing gum became a safety issue as the kids crowded around the equipment and personnel. Northern France 1. Caughran Jr. letter, Apr. 2, 1944. 2. Caughran Jr. letter, Aug. 9, 1944. 3. Declaration by United Nations, Jan. 1, 1942. 4. Caughran Jr. letter, Oct. 11, 1944. 5. World War II photos, no. 105. Clervaux 1. Frank Kieffer, interview by author, Aug. 17, 2006. 2. Ibid. 3. Charles B. MacDonald, Sept. 13, 1944, and D.C. Caughran Jr., Sept. 18, 1944, correspondence. 4. Ambrose, Citizen Soldiers, 169. 5. Goolrick and Tanner, Battle of the Bulge, 29. 6. Ibid. 7. Ibid., 30. 8. Ibid., 36–37. Notes to Pages 71–91 161 9. Ibid. 10. Kieffer interview. 11. Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, 57. 12. Kieffer interview. 13. MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge, 85. 14. Caughran Jr. letter, Oct. 13, 1944. 15. Ibid. 16. Coles and Weinberg, Civil Affairs, 811. First Snow 1. Caughran Jr. letter, Nov. 9, 1944. 2. Ibid., Oct. 13, 1944. 3. Ibid., Oct. 24, 1944. 4. Ibid., Oct. 15, 1944. 5. Ibid., Dec. 5, 1944. 6. Von Luttichau, German Counteroffensive in the Ardennes: Command Decisions, 458. December 16 1. Cole, Ardennes, 59. 2. Whiting, The Battle of the Bulge: Britain’s Untold Story, 10; MacDonald, Time for Trumpets, 137. 3. Cole, Ardennes, xiii. 4. Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 135. 5. MacDonald, Time for Trumpets, 269; Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 135–36. 6. Cole, Ardennes, 181. 7. Ibid., 187; Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 73, 137. 8. Bob Bradicich, email to author, ca. 1999. 9. Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 150. 10. Ibid. 11. Cole, Ardennes, 187. 12. Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 148; Cole, Ardennes, 187. 13. Phillips, To Save Bastogne, 135. 14. Whiting, Battle of the Bulge, 26. 15...