Chilean Modern Architecture since 1950

Notes

notes introduction 1. A comprehensive history of colonial architecture can be found in A. Benavides, La Arquitectura en el Virreinato del Perú y la Capitan ía Genral de Chile (Santiago: Ediciones Ercilla, 1941). 2. The importance and influence of Joaquín Toesca has been portrayed by G. Guarda, El arquitecto de la Moneda Joaquín Toesca 1752–1799: una imagen del imperio español en América (Santiago: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Arquitectura , 1997). See also M. Waisberg, Joaquín Toesca: arquitecto y maestro (Santiago: Universidad de Chile,1975); and I. Modiano, Toesca: arquitecto itinerante de la tradición clásica del siglo XVIII y otros ensayos (Santiago: Ediciones del Pirata, 1993). 3. Claudio Brunet de Baines, Curso de Arquitectura , escrito en francés para el Instituto Nacional de Chile . . . I traducido al castellano de orden del supremo gobierno por Francisco Solano Pérez (Imprenta de Julio Belin i Ca., 1853). 4. M. Waisberg, La clase de arquitectura y la sección de bellas artes: en torno al centenario de la creación de la sección de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Chile 1858–1958 (Santiago: Instituto de Teoría e Historia de la Arquitectura , Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Arquitectura, 1962). 5. One of the few comprehensive views on Chilean architecture during the nineteenth century is E. Pereira Salas, “La arquitectura chilena en el siglo XIX,” Anales de la Universidad de Chile. 6. Before the Colegio de Arquitectos was founded, three different organizations (the Sociedad Central de Arquitectos, the Instituto de Arquitectos de la Universidad de Chile, and the Sindicato de Arquitectos de la Universidad Católica) had been grouped together in one institution called Asociación de Arquitectos de Chile, whose first president was Ricardo Larraín Bravo. 7. A significant number of journals were published throughout the twentieth century in Chile, many of them connected to professional organizations. A record of most of them can be found in H. Eliash and M. Moreno, Arquitectura y modernidad en Chile (Valparaíso: Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile, 1989). 8. The creation of the Faculty of Architecture at the Catholic University followed one of these conferences. 9. The movement generated by this reform came to be known as the Valparaíso School, associated with the foundation of the Open City in the early 1970s. chAPter 1 1. Various international journals, including Casabella (no. 650 [November 1997]) and Arquitectura Viva, Spain (no. 104 [July–August 2002]), have dedicated special issues to Chilean contemporary architecture. In addition, an outstanding number of Chilean architects were selected as finalists in the two competitions for the Latin American Mies van der Rohe Prize in Architecture. Book monographs and exhibitions have been nationally and internationally dedicated to their work. 2. In his 1934 “Raçoes da Nova Arquitetura,” Lucio Costa (1902–98) shows a lucid understanding of the European architectural avant-garde and takes a very original position about its connection with historical tradition. See Lucio Costa, Registro de uma vivencia, 2 ed. (São Paulo: Empresa das Artes, 1997). 3. The book Sapere vedere l’architettura, published by Bruno Zevi in 1948, was translated by Cino Calcaprina and Jesús Bermejo in 158 Notes to Pages 3–38 1951 within the academic environment of the Tucumán Institute and was published by Poseidón in Buenos Aires. 4. See C. Caveri, El hombre a través de la arquitectura (Buenos Aires: Ediciones Carlos Lohlé, 1967). 5. Amereida (Santiago: Lambda, 1967) is a collective poem published by a group of architects, poets, and artists attached to the School of Architecture of the Catholic University in Valpara íso, following a poetic journey through the Latin American geographic interior. 6. The participants connected with the school were Alberto Cruz, Godofredo Iommi, Fabio Cruz, and Claudio Girola. From outside were invited the philosopher François Fédier; the poets Jonathan Boulting, Edison Simonds, and Michel Deguy; the painter Jorge Pérez Román; and Henry Tronquoy, a sculptor and designer. 7. Fundamentos de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (1971). Presented to the Centro de Estudios del Pacífico on occasion of the Pacific Conference, September– October 1970, and published by the school. 8. J. R. Morales, Arquitectónica I (Santiago: Ed. Universitaria, 1966); Morales, Arquitectónica II (Santiago: Ed. Universitaria, 1969). 9. J. R. Morales, “La Concepción espacial de la arquitectura,” Hogar y Arquitectura 3–4 (1970): 21–25. 10. In the late twentieth...