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48. Myodocopan Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico
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The superorder Myodocopa in the class Ostracoda contains 2 orders: 1, Myodocopida, containing the suborder Myodocopina; and 2, Halocyprida, containing the suborders Halocypridina and Cladocopina. Of the several reports of Cladocopina in the Gulf of Mexico, only one species of Cladocopina has been identified, but that species has been referred to “Gen. and Sp. Inq.” herein. Relatively few Halocypridina have been described from this area. The Myodocopina on the northern and eastern bays, continental shelves, and upper slopes have received considerable study, but little is known about Myodocopina living along the Mexican coast and at abyssal depths. All Myodocopa are capable of swimming. The Cladocopina and most Myodocopina live in the benthic layer, either swimming or burrowing into the sediment. Some Myodocopina occasionally swim to the surface for mating. The Halocypridina are mostly planktonic, but some dwell in the benthic layer. All Myodocopina females brood eggs in a marsupium occupying the posterior part of the carapace , unlike the Cladocopina and all except one genus of the Halocypridina, which do not brood eggs inside a marsupium but eject them into the sea. In all Myodocopina the eggs develop into the first instar stage before ejection. Fifty-six new species of Myodocopa that have been described since 1954 are included in the checklist of species in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as 2 species with new names and 3 new records. Fifty percent of the ostracods listed are endemic to the area. Species listed in Tressler (1954) that currently have a new name or status are listed in the taxon summary. Since Tressler (1954) reported on Ostracoda in the Gulf of Mexico, the most extensive studies of the Myodocopina have been those by Kornicker (1958, 1983a, 1983b, 1984a, 1984b, 1986a, 1986b). Additional work has been done by Baker, Jones, and Salinas (1977), Deevey (1968), Grabe (2005), Kornicker and Bowen (1976), Kornicker and Grabe (2000), and Kornicker and Wise (1962). Endemism of the Myodocopa in the Gulf is shown in the checklist. Abbreviations Abbreviations used in the checklist: E. = East; GMx = Gulf of Mexico; N. = North; S. = South; W. = West. Families 871 48 Myodocopan Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico Elizabeth Harrison-Nelson and Louis S. Kornicker Ostracoda: Myodocopa. After Kornicker 1984. 872 ~ Myodocopan Ostracoda (Crustacea) 10. Kornicker, L. S. 1983b. The Ostracode Family Cypridinidae and the Genus Pterocypridina. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 379. 29 pp. 11. Kornicker, L. S. 1984a. Philomedidae of the Continental Shelf of Eastern North America and the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Ostracoda: Myodocopina). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 393. 78 pp. 12. Kornicker, L. S. 1984b. Cypridinidae of the Continental Shelves of Southeastern North America, the Northern Gulf of Mexico, and the West Indies (Ostracoda: Myodocopina ). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 401. 37 pp. 13. Kornicker, L. S. 1986a. Sarsiellidae of the Western Atlantic and Northern Gulf of Mexico, and Revision of the Sarsiellinae (Ostracoda: Myodocopina). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 415. 217 pp. 14. Kornicker, L. S. 1986b. Cylindroleberididae of the Western North Atlantic and the Northern Gulf of Mexico, and Zoogeography of the Myodocopina (Ostracoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 425. 139 pp. 15. Kornicker, L. S., and M. Bowen. 1976. Sarsiella ozotothrix, a new species of marine Ostracoda (Myodocopina) from the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 88(46): 497–502. 16. Kornicker, L. S., and S. A. Grabe. 2000. Description of Eusarsiella tampa, a new species from Tampa Bay (Gulf of Mexico), Florida (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Myodocopina: Sarsiellidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 113(3): 661–629. 17. Kornicker, L. S., and C. Wise. 1962. Sarsiella (Ostracoda) in Texas bays and lagoons. Crustaceana 4(1): 57–74. 18. Lubbock, J. 1856. On some Entomostraca collected by Dr. Sutherland in the Atlantic Ocean. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (new series) 4(1): 8–37. 19. Tressler, W. L. 1954. Marine Ostracoda. Pp. 429–437 in P. S. Galtsoff, ed. Gulf of Mexico, Its Origin, Waters, and Marine Life. Fishery Bulletin 89. Fishery Bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service, Volume 55, Washington, D.C. in the orders Myodocopida and Halocyprida are listed in alphabetical order. References 1. Baker, J. H., T. L. Jones, and J. Salinas. 1977. Occurrence of Euconchoecia chierchiae Müller, 1890, (Ostracoda, Halocyprididae) in Cedar Bayou, Chambers County, Texas. Chesapeake Science 18: 394. 2. Darby, D. G. 1965. Ecology and taxonomy of Ostracoda in the vicinity of Sapelo Island, Georgia. Pp. 1–77 in R. V. Kesling , ed. Four Reports of Ostracod Investigations...