A Peculiar People: Iowa's Old Order Amish

NOTES

NOT E S CHAPTER 2 1. Zwingli, Huldrych (Ulrich), Mennonite Encyclopedia, 1959, Vol. 4, pp. 1052-54. 2. Ibid. 3. John C. Wenger, Glimpses of Mennonite History (Scottdale, Pa.: Mennonite Publishing House, 1940), p. 7. 4. Melvin Gingerich, The Mennonites in Iowa (Iowa City: State Historical Society of Iowa, 1939), p. 16. 5. Anabaptist, Encyclopedia, 1955, Vol. 1, pp. 113-14. 6. Ibid.; Gingerich, Mennonites, p. 18. 7. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 18-22. 8. Melvin Gingerich, The Mennonites in Iowa, Palimpsest 60 (1959): 16567 , 171-75; John Hostetler, Amish Society, rev. ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1968), pp. 24-26. 9. Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 24; Victor Peters, All Things Common: The Hutterian Way ofLife (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1965), p. 11. 10. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 25-26; Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 27. 11. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 27-29. 12. Ibid., pp. 28-29. 13. Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 28. 14. Ibid., pp. 30-31; Amish Division, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 90; Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 30-31. 15. Amish Division, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 90. 16. J. C. Getz, Economic Organization and Practices of the Old Order Amish of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Mennonite Quarterly Review, 20 (1956):63; Walter Kollmorgen, Culture of a Contemporary Rural Community , Rural Life Studies 106 (Washington, D.C.: USGPO, 1942), pp. 19-20; Fred Knopp, The Amish Know How, Farm Quarterly 1 (1946):88. 17. Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 42; Getz, Economic Organization, p. 64. 18. Kollmorgen, Culture, p. 19; Knopp, The Amish, p. 91. 19. Old Order Amish, Encyclopedia, Vol. 4, p. 45. 20. Calvin George Bachman, The Old Order Amish of Lancaster County, in Pennsylvama German Society: Proceedings and Addresses (Norristown: 169 NOTES TO PAGES 16-35 Culture, p. 3; Knopp, The Norristown Herald, 1942), p. 51; Amish, p. 94. 21 Gingerich, Mennonites, Palimpsest, pp. 225·26; Iowa State Depart· ment of Agriculture, Iowa Book of Agriculture (Des Moines: State of Iowa, 1968), pp. 327·37. 22. Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 265. 23. Amish Mennonites, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 97. 24. Ibid.; Conservative Amish Menonite Conference, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 702; Hostetler, Amish Society, p. 266. 25. Beachy Amish Churches, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 254. 26. Amish Mennonites, Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 97. 27. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 53·56. 28. Ibid., pp. 93-112. 29. Ibid., pp. 113-23. 30. Ibid., p. 124. 31. Ibid., p. 133. 32. Ibid., pp. 311-12. 33. Ibid., pp. 59·66. 34. Old Order Amish Community, Milton, Iowa, private interviews, November 1972. Because of the desire of the interviewed persons to remain anonymous, specific names have been omitted. This information has been recorded, however, and is on file. General Conference Mennonite Community, Pulaski, Iowa, private interview, November 1972. 35. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 57-66, 329-33. 36. Ibid., pp. 333·36; Sanford Yoder, The Amish in Wright County, Palimpsest (1962):401·32. 37. Gingerich, Mennonites, pp. 336·37. 170 CHAPTER 3 1. Old Order Amish Community, Kalona, Iowa, private interviews, March 1971. 2. John Hostetler, Amish rev. ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1968), p. 51. 3. Ibid.. p. 135; Melvin Gingerich, Mennonite Attire through Four Centuries (Breinigsville, Pa.: The Pennsylvania German Society, 1970). pp. 96· 108. 4. Hostetler, Amish pp. 106·9; Kalona interviews, March 1971 and October 1974. 5. Kalona interview, March 1971. 6. Des Moines Register, Apr. 17, 1974, pp. 1,4. 7. Kalona interviews, March 1971. 8. Ibid. 9. John Umble, Amish Ordination Mennonite Quarterly Review (October 1939):236. 10. Hostetler. Amish p. 52. 11. Ibid., p. 120. 12. Ibid.; Kalona interviews, March 1971. NOTES TO PAGES 38-61 CHAPTER 4 111 1. John Hostetler, Amish Society, rev. ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1968), pp. 9-10; Fredric Klees, The Pennsylvania Dutch (New York: Macmillan, 1950), p. 48. 2. Old Order Amish Community, Kalona, Iowa, private interviews, April 1970. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid. 5. Walter Kollmorgen. Culture of a Contemporary Rural Community, Rural Life Studies 106 (Washington, D.C.: USGPO, 1942), pp. 22, 50-52. 6. Old Order Amish Community, Kalona and Milton, Iowa, private interviews , September 1972. 7. Kalona interviews, March 1971; Milton interviews, October 1972. 8. Kalona interviews with non-Amish business and community leaders, April 1970. 9. Bob Lyons, Coast-to-Coast dealer, private interview, Oelwein, Iowa, July 1971. 10. Milton interviews, September 1972. 11. John W. Bennett, Hutterian Brethren (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1967), p. 165. Bennett first uses the term "ideal of austerity" in regard to...