Interstate: Highway Politics and Policy since 1939

Index

267 Index Abernathy, Ralph, 106–7 ABRA. See American Road Builders’ Association ACI. See American Concrete Institute Adams, Sherman, 50, 52, 70–73, 77– 79, 83–84, 86. See also Bragdon, John H.; Burns, Arthur F.; Eisenhower , Dwight D.; Eisenhower administration; Humphrey, George M.; Moses-Tallamy plan Adams, Thomas, 7. See also city planners ; Committee on the Regional Plan of New York Advisory Committee on Economic Growth and Stability. See Burns, Arthur F. Advisory Council on Historic Preservation , 154 Akron (OH), 186, 189 Alabama, 177 Alaskan Way Viaduct (Seattle), 182–84 Allegheny Conference on Community Development, 58. See also City planners; Decentralization Altshuler, Alan A., 96, 153, 179 Ambrose, Stephen E., 163 American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO), 136; disagreeing about Interstate system funding, 50–51; good roads campaign, 8; post–World War II highway bill, 23–27; preparing highway legislation, 37; publications , 209n2; urging linkage, 46. See also design, highway; dispersion and diversion of gasoline tax revenues; engineers; linkage; National Highway Users Conference American Association of State Highway Officials–Associated General Contractors of America, Inc., 44 American Automobile Association (AAA): good roads campaign, 8; member of Project Adequate Roads, 43; opposing linkage, 51; splitting with truck operators, 47, 49; sponsoring federal highway building, 92; urging prompt completion of the Interstate system, 50, 93. See also linkage; National Highway Users Conference; Project Adequate Roads American Concrete Institute, 102 American Institute of Architects, 125 American Road Builders’ Association, 101–2 American Trucking Association, 45, 48–49, 156. See also Bresnahan, William A.; Linkage; National Highway Users Conference Andrews, Norris, 63 antidiversion amendments, 32–33, 42. See also Collier-Burns Act; Federal -Aid Highway Act of 1956; Highway Trust Fund; Highway Users Tax Fund; Linkage anti-expressway movement, 135. See also freeway revolt anti-freeway movement, 113. See also freeway revolts 268 Index Arends, Leslie C., 77 Arkansas, 177 Aronovitz, Abe, 120 Associated General Contractors of America, Inc., 44, 172 Atlanta (GA), 33, 109, 174 Augur, Tracy B., 21 automobile: popularity of, 1, 2–3, 31; registrations of, 3, 31; sales of, 31. See also automobility automobile clubs. See American Automobile Club of Southern California ; National Highway Users Conference Automobile Club of Southern California , 21 automobile manufacturers, 3 automobility, 93, 178, 181, 182, 188, 189, 191 Automotive Safety Foundation, 17, 77, 102 Balfour, Frank C., 59, 62 Baltimore (MD), 109–10, 122–33, 135, 142, 155, 185–86, 187 Baltimore Association of Commerce, 122 Baltimore City Council, 125 Baltimore City Planning Commission , 122 Baltimore Department of Planning, 124 Baltimore Department of Public Works, 123 Baltimore Interstate Division, 125 Baltimore Sun, 127, 131 Barnett, Joseph, 102 Bartholomew, Harland, 19–20, 57, 62, 200n9. See also city planners ; Housing Acts of 1949 and 1954 Bayor, Ronald H., 109 Bechtel, Stephen D., 218n12 Beck, David, 48, 218n12 Bel Geddes, Norman, 11, 98 Bell, Daniel W., 10–11 Bernstein, Andrea, 187 Better Air Coalition, 131 Big Dig (Boston), 181 Birmingham (AL), 107, 186 BOB. See Bureau of the Budget Bobkoff, Dan, 187 Bock, Edwin A., 149, 151 Boggs, Hale, 84–85, 88–90, 92–93, 155 Boggs-Fallon bill. See Boggs, Hale; Clay, Lucius D.; Eisenhower administration ; Fallon, George H.; Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 Bolen, Bob, 168 bond issues: approved by urbanites, 65; for highway finance, 32–33; interest payments on, 78–79; linked to gasoline tax revenues, 74. See also Bragdon, John H.; linkage; tollroads Borah, William E., 185 Boston (MA), 110, 135, 142, 155, 162, 181 Boston Globe, 156 Boyd, Alan S., 105, 117, 128, 139–46, 150 BPR. See Bureau of Public Roads Bragdon, John H., 71–72, 74–75, 79, 82–83, 87, 220n23. See also Eisenhower administration Braman, James D., 151, 152, 154, 156–57 Bresnahan, William A., 45. See also American Trucking Associations ; National Highway Users Conference Index 269 Bridges, H. Styles, 77, 79 Bridwell, Lowell K., 126, 128, 141– 46, 150, 153 Broder, David, 254–55n21 Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, 185 Brown, Franchot, 107–8 Brune, Herbert M., Jr., 123 Buffalo (NY), 185 Buffalo Skyway, 185 Bull Street Expressway (Columbia, SC), 107–8 Burby, John, 150–51, 156 Bureau of the Budget (BOB; Budget Bureau), 49, 74, 152 Bureau of Community Facilities, 62 Bureau of Public Roads (BPR): 96– 97, 100, 102, 103, 106, 111, 116, 135, 139, 160, 173; authority of, reduced under the DOT, 140–41; concerned about Baltimore’s political infighting, 125; confident in its expertise, 142; and farm road advocates, 36...