Grassroots Literacies: Lesbian and Gay Activism and the Internet in Turkey

Index

Index 215 Activism: challenges of Internetmediated community organizing and, 124; collegiate, 2–6; community, 8; dangers of, 154; demonstrations, 2; development of, 2–6; direction since discontinuation of Legato, 6; discussion groups, 2; draws attention to LGBT rights, 104; establishing LGBT student clubs, 1; film screenings, 1, 2; gay rights, 126; importance of digital media and community literacy in, 125; Internet-based, 21, 22, 67, 124; as Legato’s goal, 71; local identity-based, 184; mixed response from university administrators, 5; offline, 15, 166, 181, 182; on-line, 11; political, 3; social, 3, 5, 18, 129 Adam, Barry, 62 Adler, Cem, 41 Advocacy organizations/activities. See also Kaos GL; Lambda Istanbul; Legato: “activism” vs. “friendship” issues, 123, 124, 151–155, 171, 181; Arab Spring and, 170; competing models of, 123; connectivity issues, 3; contentious interactions between, 22; continuity problems, 3, 15, 134; current efforts still facing obstacles caused by state agendas, 169–176; digitization of, 160–166; emergence of subgroups in, 145–148; engagement in gay rights movement, 2; inability to disseminate community literacy, 166; inability to form campus groups recognized by universities, 148–151; increasing visibility of LGBT community through, 61, 170; initiation/membership in established groups, 144–145; Internet and, 129–143; Kaos GL, 48–52; lack of financial and political support and resources, 166; larger social/political dynamics suppressing opposition to status quo, 166; legacy of community organizing, 2; local, 129–143; members’ community literacy relationships with “host,” 139–143; noncollegiate, 2; origins of student self-organization, 144–145; overall ignorance of activities of, 216 INDEX Advocacy organizations/activities (continued) 154; sponsoring institutions helping transform coming out views, 103; student-focused, 3; student relationships with, 145; support for members in coming out, 86–87, 90, 91; uses of Internet by, 145–148; visibility causes issues with state, 18 Afary, Janet, 30, 35 AIDS crisis, 79, 80; urgency of coming out and, 73 Aksoy, Asu, 38, 39 Albayrak, Ayla, 172 Alexander, Jonathan, 12, 13, 14, 15, 74, 198n12 Alonso, Anna Maria, 7 Al-Qasimi, Noor, 176 Alston, Joshua, 126 Altınay, Rüstem Ertuğ, 39, 41, 42, 43, 199n1 Altman, Dennis, 7, 10, 177, 179 Altunpolat, Remzi, 171 Anderson, Kevin, 30, 35 Arab Spring, 170, 176 Arslan, Fahrettin, 40 “Association of Students Against Homophobia and Transphobia,” 171 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 36, 37, 113, 127, 128 Autumn Istanbul, 100, 139 Aydın, 83 Barnhurst, Kevin, 73 Başaran, Oyman, 108 Bereket, Tarık, 61 Bérubé, Allan, 71, 73 Bilal (interviewee): calls attention to dangers of activist visibility, 154; coming out narrative of, 82–87; computer and Internet access, 109, 110; considers whether orientation is a disease, 107; discovery of sexuality by family, 116; on Ersoy and Müren, 83, 84; feelings of being the only gay person anywhere, 82; on importance of understanding English, 113; introduction to Internet, 85; in Legato, 86, 87; making gay friends, 85, 86; moderator of Legato Istanbul mailing list, 104; reacts to distortions of homosexuality in media, 83; reference to Islam’s influence on thinking about sexual orientation, 106; on self-expression, 87; on sexual identity, 82; on travestiler, 83 Bildirici, Faruk, 19 Bilgi University: first officially recognized lesbian and gay club, 170; lesbian and gay community at, 92; lesbian and gay conferences at, 90; Rainbow LGBT Club at, 5; tolerant environment at, 94, 95, 99, 100, 115 Biliroğlu, Deniz, 5, 94, 95, 99, 100, 115 Bilitis (mailing list), 84, 91, 131, 132, 165, 201n5; confusion with Daughters of Sappho, 155, 156, 157 Bilkent University, 116 Binnie, Jon, 10, 11 BITNET, 112 Black-Pink Triangle, 170 Boone, Joseph, 177 Bostancıoğlu, Metin, 112 Bound (1996), 94, 202n12 Boys Don’t Cry (1999), 94, 202n14 Brandt, Deborah, 13, 16, 20, 75, 101 Bustos-Aguilar, Pedro, 7, 177 Butler, Judith, 198n8 Campbell, John, 126 Capitalism: market, 177; transnational, 177 Carnegie Mellon University: National Center for the Study of Writing and Literacy, 14, 15 217 INDEX The Celluloid Closet (1995), 91, 201n8 Ceyhan, Murat, 64, 116 Champagne, John, 12, 178 Chauncey, George, 199n2 The Closet: decision not to disclose orientation for self-preservation and, 120; digital, 21, 22, 126, 166, 167; encouraging individuals to come out of, 126; Euro-American lesbian and gay identities and, 166; literal translation of, 166; narratives on coming out of, 14, 71–122; rhetorical function as metaphor, 179, 180; as spatial metaphor of privacy used to construct distinction between homosexuals and heterosexuals, 180 Coming out: advocacy...