Native Recognition: Indigenous Cinema and the Western

List of Illustrations

ix List of Illustrations Most of the silent film images in this book are from the Library of Congress’s Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division (lc). Promotional stills are courtesy of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (ampas). Photographs and stills from other sources are attributed in the caption. The images from The Return of Navajo Boy are courtesy of Groundswell Educational Films, and the dedication photograph from Husk of Time: The Photographs of Victor Masayesva is courtesy of Victor Masayesva. Images not otherwise attributed are frame enlargements. Introduction I.1. Hollywood star Richard Dix with Diné children. NA/RG29 NR. Bureau of Census. Prints: Navajo Indians. 1930. Box 1. No. 29−NR−31. National Archives 2 I.2. “The Three Chiefs—Piegan.” Edward S. Curtis. Image courtesy of the Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections, Northwestern University Library, used with permission 3 I.3. Tom Torlino before education at the Carlisle School. Photograph taken by John Choate in 1882. Image courtesy of the Cumberland County Historical Society, PA−CH2−004a (BS–CH–008) (12−26−03) 22 I.4. Tom Torlino after education at the Carlisle School. Photograph taken by John Choate in 1885. Image courtesy of the Cumberland County Historical Society, PA−CH2−004a (BS−CH−012) (12−26−04) 22 x / List of Illustrations I.5. Three Laguna Pueblo students on arrival at the Carlisle School, from left, Mary Perry, John (Chaves) Menaul, and Benjamin Thomas. Photograph taken by John Choate in 1880. Image courtesy of the Cumberland County Historical Society, CS−CH−72 (10B−02−01) 23 I.6. Three Pueblo students after about four years at the Carlisle School, from left, John (Menaul) Chaves, Mary Perry, Benjamin Thomas. Image courtesy of the Cumberland County Historical Society, PA–CH1–30a (10B–02–02) 24 I.7. The Lure of Woman, World Film Corp. (1915) (lc) 34 I.8. Redskin, Paramount (1929) (ampas) 34 I.9. Devil’s Doorway, mgm (1950) 35 Chapter 1 1.1. The Invaders, Kay-Bee (1912) (lc), signing the treaty 45 1.2. The Invaders, Kay-Bee (1912) (lc), surveyors look through the viewscope 1.3. The Invaders, Kay-Bee (1912) (lc)¸ rereading the treaty with Sky Star (Ann Little) 1.4. The Squaw Man, mgm (1931), Warner Baxter as James Wingate and Lupe Velez as Naturich, promotional still (ampas) 54 1.5. A Pueblo Legend, Biograph (1913) (lc) 64 1.6. The Tourists, Biograph (1912) (lc) 65 1.7. Iola’s Promise, Biograph (1912) (lc), Dora and Iola exchange clothes 68 1.8. Iola’s Promise, Biograph (1912) (lc), Iola’s death 68 1.9. Maya, Just an Indian, Frontier (1913) (lc), Maya is ordered to change her clothes 69 1.10. Maya, Just an Indian, Frontier (1913) (lc), the courtship 70 1.11. Maya, Just an Indian, Frontier (1913) (lc), Maya cradles the bag of gold 71 46 50 List of Illustrations / xi 1.12. The Corporal’s Daughter, Edison (1915) (lc) 75 1.13. The Red Girl, AM&B (1908) (lc) 75 1.14. A Mohawk’s Way, Biograph (1910) (lc) 76 1.15. The Aborigine’s Devotion, World Film Mfg. Co. (1909) (lc) 76 1.16. The Call of the Wild, AM&B (1908) (lc), George Redfeather (Charles Inslee) attends a party in Western clothes 79 1.17. The Call of the Wild, AM&B (1908) (lc), George Redfeather (Charles Inslee) changes clothes after his proposal is rejected 79 1.18. The Half‑Breed, Triangle (1916) (lc), Lo (Douglas Fairbanks) 80 1.19. The Half‑Breed, Triangle (1916) (lc), changing clothes 80 1.20. The Indian Massacre, Bison (1912) (lc), Native mother (Ann Little) and child 83 1.21. The Indian Massacre, Bison (1912) (lc), taking a settler child 83 1.22. The Indian Massacre, Bison (1912) (lc), separating settler mother and child 83 1.23. The Indian Massacre, Bison (1912) (lc), reuniting settler mother and child 84 1.24. The Indian Massacre, Bison (1912) (lc), mourning the Native child 84 1.25. The Redman and the Child, AM&B (1908) (lc) 85 1.26. Little Dove’s Romance, Bison (1911) (lc), Lillian St. Cyr (left) and James Young Deer (center) 91 1.27. The Friendly Indian, Gaston Melies, Siegmund Lubin (1909) (lc), Lillian St. Cyr (unconfirmed) and James Young Deer 92 1.28. White Fawn’s Devotion, Pathé Frères Films (1910) (lc) 93 1.29. For the Papoose, Pathé Frères Films (1912) (lc), settler husband grabs...