Amskapi Pikuni: The Blackfeet People

List of Illustrations

Illustrations Figures 1. Pikuni on horseback, 1855, by Gustavus Sohon 4 2a. Map drawn by the Akai Mokti, principal chief of the Blackfoot alliance, for Hudson’s Bay trader Peter Fidler in 1801 7 2b. Original Blackfoot Territory, 1800 7 2c. Blackfeet Reservation, Montana 7 3. Blackfoot camp at Two Medicine Lake 21 4. Old Agency (on Badger Creek), in the early reservation period 51 5. Bison drive site in Cut Bank Valley near Browning 73 6a. Holy Family Mission School for Blackfeet children. Boys’ band during bishop’s visit 121 6b. Holy Family Mission school girls in school uniforms, 1923 122 7. Richard Sanderville and Little Blaze, standing before a pile of bison bones to be shipped out to be ground into fertilizer 123 8. Crossing Birch Creek in wagon at Robare, early twentieth century 123 9. “Glacier Park Indians.” Amskapi Pikuni were taken to New York to advertise Great Northern Railroad and Hotels holidays in Glacier National Park 125 10. Irrigation canal, Two Medicine Valley, early twentieth century 127 11. Agent’s house, Old Agency 141 12. Morning Owl, in stand-up bonnet and regalia, c. 1900 143 13. Browning, early twentieth century 145 14. Blackfeet Indians, Fourth of July, 1909 147 15. Robert Hamilton 156 ix x ILLUSTRATIONS 16. Young Pikuni women in sewing club, 1930s 162 17. Mrs. Morning Gun christening new oil drill 165 18. Chief Bull (Dick Sanderville) 204 19. Percy DeWolfe ranch, north section of Blackfeet Reservation 213 20. Wolf Plume 243 Tables 1.1 The estimate per capita consumption of meat by Maximilian, 1807–1808 14 1.2 Smallpox 19 1.3 Health 20 1.4 Treaties 34 1.5 Occupations 51 1.6 Income—Canadian Indians 52 1.7 School Attendance Report 55 1.8 Whiskey 57 1.9 Alcohol Related Offenses 58 1.10 Population 59 1.11 Peaceful Attitude of Piegan Chiefs 62 1.12 Census of Blackfoot, 1858 76 1.13 Census of Native Americans, 1860 78 1.14 Disease Report, 1879–1881 101 1.15 Canadian Blackfoot Reserves, 1904 130 1.16 Blackfoot in Alberta, 1915 131 4.1 Students at Carlisle Indian School Listed as Piegan or Blackfeet 199 5.1 Taxable Livestock, 1930s 223 5.2 Outline of the Livestock Industry in Glacier County 224 ...