The Closed Commercial State

Table of Contents

Table of Contents PRELIMINARY CLARIFICATION OF THE TITLE 79 dedication 81 dedicatory remarks 83 Introduction On the relation of the rational state to the actual state, and of pure Right of state to politics 87 First Book Philosophy—what is Right with respect to commerce in the rational state 89 First Chapter Principles for answering this question 91 Second Chapter General application to public commerce of the principles set forth 95 Third Chapter On the presupposed division of the branches of labor in a rational state 109 Fourth Chapter Whether the taxes paid to the state will change anything in the balance of industry 113 75 76 The Closed Commercial State Fifth Chapter How this balance of industry is to be secured against the uncertainty of agriculture 117 Sixth Chapter Whether this balance would be endangered through the introduction of money, and changed through the constant progress of the nation to a higher state of prosperity 121 Seventh Chapter Further discussion of the principle set forth here concerning the right to property 129 Second Book History of the present time—the condition of commerce in the actual states of the present 135 First Chapter Preamble 137 Second Chapter The known world considered as one great unitary commercial state 139 Third Chapter The reciprocal relation of the individuals in this great commercial state 143 Fourth Chapter The reciprocal relation of the nations as wholes in this commercial state 147 Fifth Chapter The means that governments have employed up till now to steer this relation to their advantage 153 Sixth Chapter The result of using these means 155 Third Book Politics—how the commerce of an existing state can be brought into the arrangement required by reason; or, on the closure of the commercial state 161 77 Table of Contents First Chapter More precise determination of the task of this book 163 Second Chapter The rightful claims of the citizen, as a hitherto‑free participant in world trade, on the closing commercial state 165 Third Chapter The claims of the state, as a self‑sufficient whole, during its complete separation from the rest of the earth 169 Fourth Chapter Decisive measures for achieving both the closure of the commercial state and the conditions for this closure that have just been set forth 173 Fifth Chapter Continuation of the preceding considerations 179 Sixth Chapter Further measures for the closure of the commercial state 183 Seventh Chapter The result of these measures 191 Eighth Chapter The actual reason why one will take offense at the theory we have presented 197 ...