Digital Politics in Western Democracies: A Comparative Study

Index

Index Abbott, Tony, 100 Alleanza Nazionale (Italy), 101 Allen, George, 2 Americanization: definitions of, 5; as diffusion, 7–11, 17; digital politics and, ix, 1–12, 39, 207–210; as imitation, 3, 6–7, 25, 120; as imposition, 6, 243n1 (chap. 1); mass media politics and, 5, 243n1 (chap. 1); as modernization, 7–11, 14, 17. See also United States American National Election Studies, 44, 173, 235, 236, 252n8, 253n1, 255n3 attitude change. See persuasion Australia: electoral system of, 92 (see also compulsory voting); federal elections of 2007, 132; federal elections of 2007, online political information in, 157, 165–66, 171, 201–202, 210, 216; federal elections of 2007, political websites in, 100, 209, 216; federal elections of 2010, 33, 89, 132; federal elections of 2010, online political information in, 157, 165–166, 190, 202, 216; federal elections of 2010, political websites in, 100, 209, 216; income inequalities in, 150, 195–196 Australian Election Study, 44, 235, 236, 243n2 (chap. 2), 248n2, 255n4 Australian Labor Party, 3, 11, 247n2; online political information among voters of, 165–166; website of, 83–84, 89, 100, 102, 105–106, 244n4 Barr, Bob, 173 Bayrou, François, 169, 202 Bennett, W. Lance, 8, 15, 161, 189 Berlusconi, Silvio, 3, 103, 166–167, 171 Bimber, Bruce, 12, 16, 34, 51, 60, 156, 182, 188, 192, 214, 218, 220 blogs, 12, 98; adoption by political actors of, x, 2, 48, 52, 99; campaigns and, 70; political websites and, 39, 40, 42, 44, 46, 88; video-, 101 Bloomberg, Michael, 253n12 Blue State Digital, 3, 53, 89 British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), 187–188, 200 British Election Study, 44, 235, 236, 254n3, 255n5 British National Party (United Kingdom), 169, 253n11 Bush, George W., 99 Cameron, David, 38, 101 campaign communication: candidatecentered , 8, 55, 96, 103, 120; consultants in, 5–6, 10, 94; development of, 8–10; digital consultants in, 3, 12, 53, 115, 127, 217; hybridization of, 10–11; layered approach to, 11–12, 17, 84, 93; parties and, 8–9; public financing of, 76, 172 case selection, 28–33; diverse strategy for, 18, 30; most different systems design, 30; most similar systems design, 30; temporal and spatial limitations of, x–xi, 29, 103, 163; validity, 29. See also comparative research Centro de Investigaciones Sociologicas, 44, 236, 238, 256n9 Chadwick, Andrew, 3, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 34, 51, 62, 73, 87, 96, 120, 127, 151, 157, 182, 184, 214, 218 Chasse, Pêche, Nature et Traditions (France), 89 276 Index Christian-Democratic Union (Germany), 32, 102, 105, 127, 165, 168, 247n2 citizenship: critical, 118, 123, 159–161, 188, 199; normative definitions of, 15, 219; transformations of, 218, 220 Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 83, 88 comparative research: design, 28–34; hypothesis testing and, 29, 50–51; need for, in digital politics, vii–viii, 13–14, 30, 210, 213, 223 compulsory voting: electoral mobilization and, 33, 96, 117, 120, 250n16; voter turnout and, 150, 152, 195, 212 Conservative Party (United Kingdom), 3, 31–32, 38, 168, 202, 247n2; online political information among voters of, 165; website of, 100–102, 105, 247n1 Covergencia y Uniò (Spain), 89 DailyKos, 99 database technologies, x, 6, 9, 16, 35, 222; computational management through, 16, 75; privacy regulation of, 75–76 Davis, Richard, 12, 34, 48, 51, 60, 156, 182, 218 Dean, Howard, 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 50, 99 demand of digital politics: definition of, viii, xi, 4, 5, 34, 128; email responsiveness and, 121–123; relationship with supply, 51–52, 137, 169, 174, 203, 205, 215–217; research on, 14, 223; size in sampled countries, 27, 95, 171, 193, 197, 219. See also online political information democracy, 29, 30; adaptability of, xi; “audience,” 8; competitive, 27; direct, 162; digital, x; duration of, 29, 97; equality and liberty in, 87; implantation by Western powers of, 6; internet and (see internet: contribution to democracy); quality of, 132, 158; representative, 16; requirements for, 131, 219; satisfaction with, 32, 112, 118; “third wave,” 29; United States as model of, vii; “visions” of, 20–21, 55, 103, 174, 211–212, 253n14 Democratic National Committee (United States). See Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party (Italy), 38, 55, 101–102, 105, 165–166, 246n1 Democratic Party (United States), 1, 2, 18, 247n2; online political information among voters of, 165–166, 171–173; use of the web by candidates of, 54, 77, 209, 221; website of, 77, 80, 99, 102, 105–106 Democrats of the Left (Italy), 83, 101–102, 105, 165–166, 247n2 determinism: social, 7; technological, 7...