DeWitt Clinton and Amos Eaton: Geology and Power in Early New York

Index

Accum, Friedrich, 69 actualism, 97, 104, 161, 200, 208–209 Adams, John, 40, 45–46, 101 Adams, John Quincy, 127, 137, 227n42 Adirondack Mountains, 18–19, 102, 146, 186, 234n9 Agassiz, Louis, 20, 97, 190, 195, 208, 211, 221n2, 233n37 age of the Earth, 19, 26–28, 165–169, 207, 211 Allegheny mountains and plateau, 18, 80, 162. See also Appalachian Mountains Allen, Edward, 254n5 Alps Mountains, 20, 58, 195 Andes Mountains, 58, 120, 186, 251n35 anti-Clintonian Republicans, 48, 90 anti-Federalists, 44–45, 64, 231n1 Appalachian Mountains, 85, 103, 161, 169. See also Allegheny mountains and plateau Astor, John Jacob, 129, 161–163, 178 atheism, 196, 209–210 Atwater, Caleb, 28, 51–52, 66, 127–128, 161 Audubon, John James, 54 Baconianism, 61, 97, 205–206 Bakewell, Robert, 124, 140, 143, 196, 201 Bard, John, 225n14 Baylies, William, 166 Beck, John, 77 Beck, Lewis, 77, 100, 115, 254n5 Beck, Theodoric Romeyn, 77, 99, 105, 137 Beckley, John, 40 Berkshire Mountains, 72, 97, 168 Bible. See Judeo-Christian scriptures Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, 43 Black Hawk’s rebellion (1832), 160 Blair, Robert, 168 Blake, William, 179 Bonneville, James, 161–164 Booth, James Curtis, 254n5 Boyd, George, 254n5 Brackenridge, Henry Marie, 162, 242n17 Bradbury, John, 162 Brainard, Jeremiah, 110–111 Bread and Cheese Club, 178–179, 187, 190 Brigg, Caleb, 254n5 Briggs, Isaac, 91–92, 95 Brock, Isaac, 65 Brongniart, Alexandre, 140 Brown, Ethan Allen, 128 Brownell, Thomas, Jr., 204–206 Brownell, Thomas Church, 204–205, 216 Bryant, Frances Fairfield, 168–169, 171, 175 Bryant, Peter, 166, 168, 170–171 Bryant, William Cullen: as Cole’s friend, 185–187, 191, 193; as Eaton’s student, 6, 171–173, 175, 215; as nature poet, 154, 165–176, 211; as scientific observer, 171, 175, 179, 182–183, 194 Buckland, William: and caves, 108–109, 114, 236n28; and diluvialism, 111, 149, 182, 189–190, 195, 201, 209, 211; as Eaton antagonist, 140–141, 143; and ice age theory, 233n37 Bucktails. See Van Buren, Martin Buffon, Georges Louis LeClerc (Comte de), 19, 33, 42, 75, 158, 210, 214 “burned-over” district, 118 Burr, Aaron, 2, 36, 155–156; as Clinton’s rival, 45–48, 64, 88, 157 Byron, George Gordon (Lord), 179 Index 264 index Calhoun, John, 128 Canal Commissions: Erie, 77, 86–90, 92, 97–98, 232n11; Illinois, 132; New Jersey, 129 canal projects: in Canada, 132; in Europe, 85, 91; in the Midwest/South, 84, 129, 131–132; in New England, 130; in New Jersey, 129–132, 179; in New York, 96, 106 (see also Erie Canal) canyons, 19, 209 Carr, Ezra, 254n5 Cass, Lewis, 101, 159 Castleton Medical Academy, 79, 98, 106, 108, 230n41 catastrophism, 20, 28–30, 33–34, 107, 164, 194–195, 208–209; and compatibility with Judeo-Christian scriptures, 103, 190, 200–202. See also lakes “bursting through” mountains Catskill Mountains: geology and, 18, 20, 80, 100, 103, 105, 121, 141, 176, 220n11; in paintings, 186, 195 caverns: as artistic subject, 188, 190–191; as literary subject, 158, 170; as research site, xi, 35, 63, 78, 108–109, 112. See also Mitchell’s Cave Cayuga Lake, 112, 135, 241n63 Champlain, Samuel de, 22 Champollion, Jean-François, 211 Charpentier, Jean de, 233n37 Chastellux, François-Jean Beauvoir (Marquis de), 84 Church, Frederic Edwin, 186, 195, 251n35 Clark, George Rogers, 41–42 Clark, William, 42–43, 159 Clarke, John Mason, 141–142 Clay, Henry, 48, 127, 137, 227n42 climate change, 17, 119, 201, 209 Clinton, DeWitt: and antipathy to Irving, 157–159; as canal proponent, 86–97, 117–119, 127–131, 212; as civic institution builder, 49–50, 52, 56, 58–62, 74, 77; and Eaton, 69–70, 76–77, 83, 145; political career of, 2–3, 36–38, 43–49, 64, 76, 90, 98, 154; as practicing naturalist , 11–12, 32, 36, 49–56, 93, 101, 108, 153, 172, 183, 200, 214–215 Clinton, George (uncle of DeWitt), 2, 44–45, 47–48, 64 Clinton, George W. (son of DeWitt), 49, 115, 124 coal, 4, 102, 104, 130, 134, 145, 147–148, 241n63 Colden, Cadwallader D., 130, 132 Cole, Thomas: as artist, 8, 179, 186–188; as scientific observer, 190–195, 206 colleges and universities: in Europe, 43, 109, 176, 178, 225n14; in New England, 4, 38, 52, 73–74, 79, 108, 200 (see also Castleton Medical Academy; Harvard College; Williams College; Yale College ); in New Jersey, 38, 44–45, 63; in New York, 4, 44, 77, 89, 108, 204 (see also Columbia College; Rensselaer School); in Pennsylvania...