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147 notes Introduction 1. A French translation of the article entitled “Le nouveau Moyen Age” can be found in Eco, Guerre du faux. 2. Maeterlinck, Ruysbroeck and the Mystics, p. 42. 3. Denis Foulechat translated the passage into French in 1372 thus: “Va et, quelque part tu yras, dis que tu es nez de Poitou, car il ont licence de plus franche langue parler.” 1. The Materiality of Writing 1. The modern French word écrivain, which evolved from escrivain, means writer or author. 2. The Question of the Author 1. The French royal chancery consisted of officials, usually clerics, charged with guarding the king’s seal and, at times, granting charter rights and other benefits. 2. See pp. 76–77 for analysis. 5. The Subject Matter 1. For a definition of accessus, see p. 20. 2. For the rest of this quotation, see p. 39. 3. In Huon le Roi de Cambrai, Li Regres Nostre Dame. 4. A sea and a mother, of course, for Gautier: in French, mer (sea) and mère (mother) are homophones. 6. The Paths to Writing 1. The painting in Codex Vindobonensis 2554, fol. 1, is reproduced in Louis Grodecki, Le Moyen Age retrouvé, vol. 2: De saint Louis à Viollet-le-Duc (Paris: Flammarion, 1991), p. 22. 9. The Question of Literary Heritage 1. In antiquity, the northwestern coastal region of Gaul of modern Brittany formed what was called “Armorica,” the latinization of a Gallic word meaning “the country facing the sea.” Jacques Roubaud (b. 1932), is a French poet and mathematician. This page intentionally left blank ...

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