Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A Historical Geography of the Finns in the Sudbury Area

List of Tables, Figures, Maps, Aerial Photograph and Biographies

List of Tables, Figures, Maps, Aerial Photograph and Biographies Tables 1. Immigration to Canada (1883­1994) 10 2. Finnish Settlement in Canada by Province/Territory (1901­96) 19 3. Finnish Settlement in Canada by Single and Multiple Origins (1996) 20 4. Finnish Population by Census Metropolitan Area (1996) 24 5. Religious Affiliation of Finnish Canadians (1931­81) 27 6. Finnish Ethnic Origins by Selected Age Groups (1931 and 1991) 28 7. Number of Finns in the Sudbury Area (1921­96) 30 8. Finnish Settlement in the Sudbury Area (1921­41) 51 9. Finns in the Donovan Neighbourhood (1911­91) 65 10. Population of Finnish Origin by Federal Polling Districts (1980) 100 11. Patented Land Parcels by Finns in the Lake Panache Area (1917­89) 103 12. Finnish Newspapers and Magazines in Canada (since 1897) 124 13. Ministers of St. Timothy's Evangelical Lutheran Church (1896­1998) 159 14. Ministers of St. Matthew's Evangelical Lutheran Church (1932­1998) .... 160 15. Selected Finnish Enterprises/Professions in the Sudbury Area before 1945 207 16. Selected Finnish Enterprises/Professions in the Sudbury Area after 1945 209 17. Finnish­Canadian Skiing Champions from the Sudbury Area 227 18. Annual Summer Music and Sports (Grand) Festivals in Canada (1930­97) 231 ix x Between a Rock and a Hard Place Figures 1. Finnish Immigration to Canada (1901­91) 16 2. Finns in Canada by Origin and Birthplace (1901­96) 20 3. Finnish Population in Canada by Mother Tongue and Home Language (1901­91) 26 4. Immigration Paths to Beaver Lake in Lome Township (1900­45) 32 5. Finnish Institutional Framework in the Sudbury Area (1) 110 6. Finnish Institutional Framework in the Sudbury Area (2) Ill Maps Frontispiece. The Regional Municipality of Sudbury ii 1. Distribution of Finns in Canada (1961) 22 2. Finns in Copper Cliff (1915) 36 3. Early Mining Camps in the Sudbury Area before 1917 45 4. Finns in Mond Townsite (1917­18) 46 5. Finns in Garson and Neelon Townships (1935) 48 6. The Finnish Downtown Landscape (c. 1920s­1940s) 53 7. Finns in the Donovan (1938) 63 8. The Lockerby Finnish Settlement (1946) 67 9. Finns in Waters Township (1916) 72 10. Early Finnish Settlement in Lome Township 76 11. Early Finnish Settlement in Louise Township 85 12. Early Finnish Settlement in Broder Township 88 13. Early Finnish Settlement in the Wanup Area (West) 94 14. Early Finnish Settlement in the Wanup Area (East) 95 15. An Early Sketch of the WanupArea 96 16. Finns in the Sudbury Area (1980) 101 17. Finnish Recreational Properties at Lake Panache (1917­89) 104 Aerial Photograph 1. The Downtown District of Sudbury (1946) 54 Biographies 1. Thomas Jacobson: The First Pioneer 13 2. Frank and Margaretta Anderson: The Dairy Farmers 33 3. Karl Lehto: Merchant­Wrestler 60 4. Rev. Arvi Heinonen: Anti­Socialist Zealot 83 List of Tables, Figures, Maps, Aerial Photograph and Biographies xi 5. Lempi Johnson: The Fur Lady 107 6. John Verner Ahlqvist: Grand Old Man of the Finnish Communist Movement 120 7. Aku Paivio: Marxist Poet 136 8. Bruno Tenhunen: The Voice of Social Democracy 140 9. William Eklund: The Voiceof the FOG 154 10. Rev. Lauri Pikkusaari: Church Historian and Archivist 169 11. Oliver Korpela: The Woodsman 182 12. Sulo and Bertha Heino: The Restaurateurs 200 13. BillJohnson: Mr. Copper Cliff Dairy 204 14. Risto Laamanen:Community Booster 213 15. Paul Villgren: Entrepreneur of the Year 215 16. Maija Ceming: Finnish Ambassador/Entrepreneur 218 17. Laila Rintamaki: Devotee of the Theatre 244 18. WilfSalo: Mr. Santa Glaus 246 19. Arne Ritari: Mr. Lion 256 20. The Honourable Judy Erola: Finnish Femme Extraordinaire 275 This page intentionally left blank ...