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357 I n d e x African elephant: cheek teeth, 124; experimental butchery of, 111; herd organization, 101–102, 124; Loxodonta africana, 155; social and economic behaviors of, 114, 116. See also Bunching; elephant; Loxodonta africana African Elephant (Equivalent) Years (AEY), 101, 129, 155, 159 Agenbroad, Larry, 345 Agogino, George, 48, 90, 108, 343–344 Albert, Rosa Maria, xvi, 5 Alamosa State College, Colorado, 44 Alberta projectile points, 279–281 Alder-Ruby Valley, 317 Alignments: rock, 289–290, 348; rock-wall, 290; stone, 348. See also Cairns Alpine zone, 14–16, 50, 64, 65; alpine-subapline transition, 52, 275, 283 (see also Krummholz ecotone); Folsom sites in, 275; glaciers, 12; Range zonation, 14; tundra, 264, 272, 284–286, 288; Upper, 273, 325, 326, 329; vegetation, 16. See also Subalpine zone Altithermal, 26 American Cordillera, 20 Anasazi, 339 Anathermal, 207 Anderson, Harold, 41, 44 Anderson, Perry, 41, 44 Andrews, Brian, 56 Andrews Pass, 292 Angostura: basal variation, 317; bases, 282–283; Chance Gulch site, 60; Cultural Complex, 279, 282–283, 285–286; defined, 315–316; distribution , 287; projectile points, 56, 60, 282, 290, 295–297, 299; qualitative distinctions from Page numbers in italics indicate illustrations. Index 358 site, 345; hunting, 264, 278, 298; Ice-Age, 270; James Allen site, 345; Jerry Craig site, 346; Jones-Miller site, 345, 349; jump, 339, 348; Jurgens site, 345; KibRidge-Yampa site, 215; kill sites, 340; modern, 346; Olsen-Chubbuck site, 346; procurement, 274, 276; Upper Twin Mountain site, 274, 275, 288, 346, 347, 350; woods, 215 Black Forest petrified wood, 224 Black Hills, 313, 316 Black, Kevin, 62–63 Black Mountain site, Colorado, 43, 55, 64, 326 “Black’s Fork Culture,” 341 Blackwater Draw site, New Mexico, 313, 339, 350; “accumulated” faunal assemblage, 104; bone damage, 179; Paleoindian “firsts,” 1, 2, 39, 41, 42; mammoth age profiles, 156; Mammuthus columbi, 158 Blue Mesa Reservoir, 51 Blue Range, 262 Bobtail Wolf site, North Dakota, 220, 236 Boiling pit, 51 Bone apatite, 90, 228 Bone artifacts, 265, 276, 340, 348; bison, 59; bone bed, 48; Jerry Craig site, 60, 288; Jones-Miller site, 49; Jurgens site, 49; Lamb Spring site, 52; Olsen-Chubbuck site, 345; Upper Twin Mountain site, 60. See also Dent site Bone collagen, 52–53, 158 Bone gelatin, 49 Bones. See individual elements by name Bonfire Shelter site, Texas, 220 Bow-and-arrow points, 340 Bradley, Bruce, 344 Breternitz, David, 52 Brown, Barnum, 88 Brunswig, Robert, 5–6, 62; Angostura, 312, 329–332; Bighorn Hunting System, 292; Dent, 123, 135, 138, 146, 148, 157, 179; Jerry Craig site, 60; Mountain Paleoindian adaptations, 65; University of Northern Colorado South Park/ South Platte Research Program, 57 Buckles, William, 342 Buffalo Pass, 17 Bunching, 114 Bureau of Land Management (BLM), 61, 265, 346 Bureau of Reclamation, 316 Burton, Robert, 2, 49 Butchery (elephant): by Efe people, 164; experimental , 162, 174; by Valley Bisa people, 172; by Nunamiut, 160; Folsom, 47 Butchery (mammoth), at Dent, 156, 162, 177 Butchery (mastodon), 146 Butterfly Lake, 20 Bryson, Reid, 5, 278, 348 Jimmy Allen, 319–320; quantitative distinctions from Jimmy Allen, 320–322, 322; type-site (Ray Long), 313, 316, 317; typological methods, 314, 332 Antelope (pronghorn), 264, 275, 348 Antevs, Ernest, 341 Arapaho Pass, 50, 275, 289 “Arapaho Peak” advance, 20 Arapaho Valley, Colorado, 20 Archaic, 47; Crescent Shelter site, 53; early, 51, 59, 342–343; late, 290, 340; middle, 273 Argentine Pass site, Colorado, 51 Arkansas River, 13 Artiodactyl, 53 “Audubon” advance, 20 Avocational archaeologist, 49, 61. See also Collector Barger Gulch site, Colorado, 13; Kremmling, 59; Locality A, 288; Locality B (BGB), 60, 223; Middle Park, 220; Mountaineer site, 5, 6, 56; University of Wyoming Research Program, 59–60; Williams Fork Reservoir, 248. See also Debitage assemblages; Hearth; Ring analysis; Sector anaylsis “Barrier effect,” 238–241, 251 Barton Gulch site, Montana, 317, 347 Basketmaker, 341 Beaver Meadows, 27 Beaver Meadows site, Colorado, 29 Benedict, James, xvii, xviii, 2, 6, 18, 62, 64, 275; Caribou Lake, 59, 289; Center for Mountain Archeology, 48, 50, 58, 265; Holocene glacial expansion, 20 Bernhardt site, Colorado, 92 Bifacial artifacts: Angostura, 315; burial related, 53; caches, 237; Cody, 197; conjoinable, 224– 225, 225; density 228; distribution at Locality B, 244; knives, 53; Late Paleoindian thinning, 278; reduction/thinning, 231–232, 234; sector diagram of, 243, 250 Biggs, William, 49 Bighorn Basin, 327 Bighorn Flats, 272, 292, 295 Bighorn Range, 347 Bighorn River Canyon, 342 Bighorn sheep, 264, 275, 293–294, 332. See also Mountain sheep Bighorn-Tonahutu sites, Colorado, 292 Bilgery, Father...

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