After Wounded Knee: Correspondence of Major and Surgeon John Vance Lauderdale while Serving with the Army Occupying the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, 1890-1891

Notes

Notes Chapter 1 1. Peter Josyph, The Wounded River: The Civil War Letters ofJohn Vance Lauderdale M.D. (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993). 2. Letter from Lauderdale to the Army Medical Board, 3 December 1866, Record Group 94, L-174 Adustant General's Office [AGO] 1866, National Archives and Record Administration. (NARA), Washington D.C. 3. Alexander Hoff was the father of John Van R. Hoff, with whom Dr. Lauderdale served during his tour at Pine Ridge. 4. For an interesting account of the "Indian Ring" see George H. Phillips, "The Indian Ring in Dakota Territory, 1870-1890," South Dakota History 2, no. 1 (Fall 1972): 345-76. 5. Annual Reports ofthe Surgeon General, 1870-90. 6. Wesley Merritt, "The Army of the United States," Harpers Monthly Magazine 80, no. 478 (March 1890): 493-509. 7. Charles Lynch, Frank W. Weed, and Loy McAfee, The Medical Department ofthe United States Army in the World War, vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1923). 8. Charles Smart, "First Aid to the Injured from the Army Standpoint, (Report of a paper read to the International Congress of Charities, Correction, and Philanthropy, Chicago Illinois) reprinted in Medical Record 44 (July 1893): 71-74. 9. Ibid. 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 157 158 Notes/or pages 14-22 12. Lynch, Weed, and McAfee, The Medical Department ofthe United States Army, 47. 13. Ibid. 14. Ibid. 15. Annual Report ofthe Surgeon General ofthe Army, 1888. 16. Ibid. 17. Ibid. 18. House ofRepresentatives Report Number 1405, 47th cong., 1st sess. 19. Annual Report ofthe Surgeon General, 1884, quoted in Senate Report No. 84, Sen. doc. for the 49th cong., 1st sess. 20. House ofRepresentatives Report No. 3658, 49th cong., 2d sess. 21. New York Times, 11 April 1912. 22. Annual Report ofthe Surgeon General ofthe Army, 1888. 23. P. M. Ashburn, A History of the Medical Department of the United States Army (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1929). 24. James Mooney, The Ghost Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1991),824. 25. Wilcomb E. Washburn, The American Indian and the United States (New York: Random House, 1973),3: 2517, 2523, 2524. 26. Jerome A. Greene. "The Sioux Land Commission of 1889: A Prelude to Wounded Knee," South Dakota History 1 (Winter 1970): 41-72. 27. George Hyde, A Sioux Chronicle (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1956), 232-33. Mooney, The Ghost Dance, 826. 28. This is based on an examination of rainfall data from various locations in and around the Lakota reservations that indicates the drought began in 1886 and did not end until the mid 189Os. Data for some locations is erratic, having not been reported in some months or years. It can be determined with relative certainty that rainfall on and around the reservations was down as much as 40 percent during the late 1880s and early 1890s. See James A. Ruffner, Climates ofthe States (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1978), 2: 899, 904; John P. Finley, Certain Climatic Features of the Two Dakotas (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1893); Cleophas C. O'Harra, O'Harra's Handbook of the Black Hills (Rapid City: The Black Hills Handbook Company, 1913). Hyde, A Sioux Cronicle, 176-77,232-33. 29. Annual Report ofthe Secretary ofWar 1891,133-34. 30. Bishop W. H. Hare, as quoted in Mooney, The Ghost Dance, 840. 31. Annual Report ofthe Commissioner ofIndian Affairs, 1891, 1: 132-35. 32. Annual Report ofthe Secretary ofWar, 1891, 133-39. 33. Secretary of the Interior John Noble to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs[CIA], 6 December 1890, in "Reports and Correspondence Relating to the Army Notes for pages 22-25 159 Investigation of the Battle of Wounded Knee and to the Sioux Campaign of 189091 ," Microfilm publication number M-983 (hereafter cited as M-983), National Archives and Record Administration. 34. Miles to Schofield, 19 December 1890, M-983 35. Telegram from Brigadier General Thomas H. Ruger to AGO, 12 December 90, M-983. 36. Captain Joseph H. Hurst, quoted in Mooney, The Ghost Dance, 837. 37. Mooney, The Ghost Dance, 819-21. 38. Ibid. 39. Ibid. 40. Raymond J. DeMallie, "The Lakota Ghost Dance: An Ethnohistorical Account," Pacific Historical Review 51, no. 4 (1982): 388. 41. Mooney, The Ghost Dance, 819-24. 42. DeMallie, The Lakota Ghost Dance, 393-95. 43. Hyde, A Sioux Chronicle, 254. 44. CIA to...