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598 Acuco, Coco, Acoco. these are all renderings of the Keresan word ák’ u, the native name of the new mexico pueblo now usually referred to as Acoma. it lies in modern cíbola county, approximately 60 miles west of the rio Grande and 50 miles east of Zuni. notable now as in the sixteenth century, Acoma occupies the top of an isolated, 350-foot-high, sheer-walled mesa in Acoma valley. the pueblo has been occupied since at least the 1100s. its population in 1540 included an estimated 200 adult males. today it is only lightly populated on a full-time basis. contact between Acoma and the expedition to tierra nueva was minimal. sources: velma García-mason, “Acoma pueblo,” in Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 9, Southwest, ed. Alfonso ortiz (washington, Dc: smithsonian institution press, 1979), 450, 456; robert Julyan, The Place Names of New Mexico (Albuquerque: university of new mexico press, 1996), 3; mrs. william t. sedgwick, Acoma, the Sky City: A Study in Pueblo Indian History and Civilization (cambridge, mA: Harvard university press, 1927), 15. see map 3. Acus. the polity to which this name applies has not been identified. see the entry for marata. Arahe, Arahey, Harahey, Arache, Arehe, Haraee, Arae. members of the expedition to tierra nueva were told of a land to the east, and possibly north, of Quivira called Arahe or Harahey. it was supposed to be wealthier in precious metals than Quivira. most students of the subject think Arahe was a region of ancestral pawnee settlements in modern eastern nebraska. Had the coronado expedition continued another year, Arahe would have been among its destinations. el turco was said to have been a native of Arahe. sources: Document 28, fol. 75v; carroll L. riley, Rio del Norte: People of the Upper Rio Grande from Earliest Times to the Pueblo Revolt (salt Lake city: university of utah press, 1995), 196; Bolton, 233. Brava, Uraba, Yuraba, Valladolid. the place to which these names applied has been identified as modern taos pueblo, a northern tiwa community, situated now, as in 1540–42, along taos creek, a small tributary flowing into the rio Grande from the east in taos county, new mexico. it was in the sixteenth century and still is the northernmost pueblo community. it was apparently visited only twice by the expedition , evidently without incident. it was given the name valladolid by the spaniards. the name Brava was also occasionally written as uraba. sources: Albert H. schroeder, “pueblos Abandoned in Historic times,” in ortiz, Southwest, vol. 9, 251; Document 28, fols. 91v–92r. Chiametla. the provincia of chiametla or chametla comprised the coastal plain along the río Baluarte in what is now southern sinaloa. Like so many names used to refer to social entities in the Americas during the era of conquest, “chiametla” was applied to both a region and a specific settlement within that region. the principal settlement may have been at a site known more recently as cocoyolitos, on the north side of the río Baluarte less than five miles from its mouth. for many years the river was known as the río chametla (spelled without an i). tello, 212, says that Guzmán founded a villa there called espíritu santo in 1534. see, however , the entry for compostela. characterized as a provincia by nuño de Guzmán when he reached it late in 1530, chiametla or chametlán was a region densely populated by speakers of a nahuatl-like language, totorame. farmers and fishermen , they suffered heavy depredations from slave raiders in the early 1530s and were devastated by an outbreak of measles in 1536. people of chiametla killed former Guzmán captain Lope de samaniego and wounded several other members of the expedition to tierra nueva when they attempted to commandeer food there early in 1540. in retaliation for the killing, vázquez de coronado had at least eight chiametlans hung and drawn and quartered. sources: peter Gerhard, The North Frontier of New Spain, rev. ed. (norman: university of oklahoma press, 1993), 270–71; Document 28, fol. 23v; isabel Kelly, Excavations at Chametla, Sinaloa, ibero-Americana 14 (Berkeley: university of california press, 1938), 4; richard flint, Great Cruelties Have Been Reported: The 1544 Investigation of the Coronado Expedition (Dallas: southern methodist university press, 2002), 326, 330. Chichilticale, Chichiltiecally. A landmark and stopover point for travelers between sonora and the pueblo region of new mexico, both prehistorically and at the time of the coronado expedition...

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