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Military Service Records 173 Document 36 Instruction as Lieutenant Captain General Santa Fe, October 28, 16781 Don Antonio de Otermín, governor and captain general of the kingdom and provinces of New Mexico for His Majesty, etc. To you, Maestre de Campo don Juan [Domínguez] de Mendoza, whom I have appointed as my lieutenant captain general in campaign, for the punishment and just war which is being waged at present: I order and command you to observe, fulfill, and execute the following instruction in its entirety. In the first place, after holding the customary muster in the plaza de armas of the pueblo de Zía, you will march forth with all the enlisted force, taking your army in all good military order, following the most suitable direct route and the one by which you may go most concealed; always sending good guides and spies in advance of your main guard to see whether one or more of the enemies, who are wont to come and kill and rob, or to hunt, can be seized so that you may get information from them to ensure the success of your journey. You will treat the Spanish soldiers and natives who follow you with kindness and courtesy so that all, united and in agreement, may execute your orders, as is my intent, employing themselves in the Service of God, our Lord, and of His Majesty as they have always done, because the desired end, which is so important, is the punishment of the atrocities and systematic robberies committed by the said enemies. You will carry out the reprisal which may be necessary with all resolution and prudence, attacking the said enemies with great determination in order to achieve an exemplary punishment; and you will destroy all the grain and seeds of their maintenance, taking all possible precautions so that none may remain for them. In all the assaults you make you will try to discover, find, and collect the things pertaining to the divine worship held by the holy temples; and you will give those you seize to the reverend father chaplain, as minister and priest, for safe-keeping, to whom they belong. 174 Part One You will try to release from captivity all the Christian persons whom the said enemies are holding, and you will bring them to me to be set at liberty, congregating them in the pueblos of which they were natives. And because of the number of the attacks which are made, and since they can be given a lighter punishment than death, you will not permit them to be killed but rather allow them to receive holy baptism. All the citizens and natives of this kingdom are serving His Majesty at their own cost, and in the continual warfare the enemies rob them of the animals which form the principal means for making war, and some of these [animals] usually fall in attacks which are made. Therefore, I order that if the beasts of those Spaniards and Indians who go on the campaign should tire, or if they should lose some of them in the service of His Majesty, you are to give them others from those you may seize. If anyone should recognize one which the said enemies have stolen from him, you will return it to him, with the understanding that it shall not be counted as part of the share of the spoils which are taken. And this is always to be observed, since it is applicable to everyone. And because, in addition, many things may come up which cannot be foreseen now, obtaining the advice of the practiced and experienced persons under your command, you will act in everything as one who is on the scene, always attempting to inflict all the punishment necessary in such a manner that you may win reputation with friends and enemies. For all this I ordered the present writing issued to you, signed by my name and sealed with the seal of my arms, and countersigned by the undersigned secretary of government and war. Issued in the Villa of Santa Fe on the twenty-eighth day of the month of October of the year 1678. (Seal) Don Antonio de Otermín (rubric). By order of his lordship, Francisco Xavier, secretary of government and war (rubric). In the Villa of Santa Fe of New Mexico on the twenty-sixth day of the month of November of the year 1678, before don Antonio de Otermín, governor and...

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