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xi T he concept for New Mexico’s Spanish Livestock Heritage evolved from years of researching and writing my book Gardens of New Spain: How Mediterranean Plants and Foods Changed America (University of Texas Press, 2004). That book principally tells the story of the diffusion of plants, agriculture, and cuisine from late medieval Spain to the colonial frontiers of Hispanic America. But it also necessarily treats the coming of Spanish livestock to New Mexico as a primary element of the state’s agricultural history. Indeed, an entire chapter is devoted to the arrival of Spanish technology and the spread of livestock from the Mexican interior. But there was so much more to tell. After preparing the lead article (with the identical title as this book) for the July 2009 issue of La Crónica de Nuevo México, the Historical Society of New Mexico’s quarterly (thank you, Carleen Lazzell), I resolved to expand upon the subject. Although several books and many papers deal with elements of the livestock story, a scholarly history of livestock in New Mexico had never been written, so I seized the opportunity. Not being a historian by profession, I gratefully relied upon input and assistance from those who are. Rick Hendricks, New Mexico’s current (2012) state historian, provided advice from the very start and reviewed an early version of the entire manuscript. Richard Flint reviewed and provided important suggestions for several of the early chapters. Bill Doolittle and David Snow helpfully reviewed various chapters, and Craig Allen kindly reviewed the “Impacts upon the Land” chapter. I am indebted to many experts in their respective fields who cheerfully gave of their time to advise me on diverse aspects of domesticated livestock. Among them are Cameron Saffell (general livestock background), E. Gus Cothran (feral horse genetics), Ann F. Ramenofsky (livestock-related disease epidemics), Deni J. Seymour (Mescalero Apaches), Margaret Espinosa Acknowledgments xii • Acknowledgments and Juan Estevan Arellano (la matanza), John Baxter (sheep), Esteban Muldavin (grazing effects on vegetation), Jake Ivey (mission livestock), and David Caffey (cattle ranching). Many generous people assisted me along the way. Jackie Ericksen reviewed the manuscript for clarity and collaborated with me in developing the index. Katie Goetz, Noreen Jarmillo, and Les Owen of the New Mexico Department of Agriculture provided invaluable livestock statistics. Elinore M. Barrett permitted me to review a draft manuscript for her 2012 book on Spanish colonial settlement landscapes. And Nancy BrownMartinez gave me her accustomed helpful assistance at the University of New Mexico’s Center for Southwest Research and Special Collections. Special thanks go to Juan Estevan Arellano, Peter Pino, Harry Walters, and Linda Davis, who shared their personal perspectives on how the introduction and proliferation of European livestock transformed the lives of people and communities from their own individual backgrounds: Hispanic farmer, Zia Puebloan, Navajo tribesman, and Anglo cattle rancher. In acquiring the historic photographs for this book, I was greatly aided by Daniel Kosharek, Mark Scharen, and Tomas Jaehn at the Palace of the Governors/New Mexico History Museum; Catherine Baudain at the UNM Maxwell Museum of Anthropology; and Glenn Fye at the Albuquerque Museum. I thank Rod Ostoski, Timothy A. Olson, Richard Beal, and Erin Willett for extending permission to include their personal photographs in the book. Deborah Reade once again designed excellent maps, and it has again been a pleasure working with Clark Whitehorn, my editor, and other staff members at the University of New Mexico Press. Copyeditor Peg Goldstein was particularly insightful in identifying questionable matter. IamgratefultotheUNMCenterforRegionalStudiesandtheHistorical Society of New Mexico for grants that covered most of the costs of acquiring historic photos, maps, artist drawings, and personal photography for this book, and some of the travel costs. Yet one more time, my loving spouse, Vangie, cheerfully set aside her own work as a professional watercolorist to illustrate this book, with four new design illustrations as well as previously created livestock-related illustrations . Forever at my side, Vangie constantly gives me needed support and encouragement, despite my occasional bouts of grouchiness or panic. I wholeheartedly dedicate this book to her. ...

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