Buffalo Bill on Stage

Notes

• 265 • Notes •• Acknowledgments 1. Pete Dexter noted the “ripples” effect in Deadwood (New York: Random House, 1986; repr., New York: Viking Penguin, 1987), 153. IntroductIon 1. A 1974 MCA-Universal, Public Arts production starring Matt Clark as Cody, Ben Murphy as Hickok, and Kim Darby as Calamity Jane. 2. Annie Oakley, eulogy published in the Cody (WY) Enterprise after his death in January 1917, n.d. 3. William F. Cody, Story of the Wild West and Camp-fire Chats (Philadelphia: Historical Publishing Co., 1888; repr., Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1970), 403. 4. New York Mirror, Oct. 30, 1880. 5. Don Russell, The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1960), 179. 6. William F. Cody, The Life of Hon. William F. Cody, Known as Buffalo Bill, the Famous Hunter, Scout and Guide: An Autobiography (Hartford, CT: Frank E. Bliss, 1879), 282. 7. Joseph G. Rosa and Robin May, Buffalo Bill and His Wild West (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1989), 34. 8. Craig F. Nieuwenhuyse, “Six-Guns on the Stage: Buffalo Bill Cody’s First Celebration of the Conquest of the American Frontier” (Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1981); William S. E. Coleman, “Buffalo Bill on Stage,” Players 47, no. 2 (1972); James Monaghan, “The Stage Career of Buffalo Bill,” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 31, no. 4 (1938). notes to pages 3–11 266 • 9. “The only known extant copy of any of Cody’s melodramas is a handwritten copy of Life on the Border, owned by Mrs. Buford Richardson of Socorro, New Mexico, a direct descendant of Capt. Jack Crawford,” wrote Paul T. Nolan in a foreword to the play’s edition published by the Pioneer Drama Service, Cody, WY. 10. Richard Slotkin, Regeneration through Violence: The Mythology of the American Frontier, 1600–1860 (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1973), 564–65. 11. St. Joseph (MO) Daily Gazette, Feb. 6, 1886. 12. Jay Monaghan, Custer: The Life of General George Armstrong Custer (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1959), 358. 13. Providence (RI) Sunday Telegram, clipping, n.d., MS 6, William F. Cody collection, Buffalo Bill Historical Center, Cody, WY, hereafter BBHC. chApter one 1. Frederick Jackson Turner, “The Significance of the Frontier in American History,” in the American Studies hypertext collection, University of Virginia, http://xroads.virginia.edu/~Hyper/TURNER (accessed Apr. 16, 2007); Terre Haute (IN) Daily Express, Oct. 10, 1873. 2. George C. D. Odell, Annals of the New York Stage, 15 vols. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1927–49), 2:292. 3. Garff B. Wilson, Three Hundred Years of American Drama and Theatre (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973), 145–46; New York Times, Dec. 18, 1880. 4. New York Mirror, May 1, 1880; Barnard Hewitt, Theatre U.S.A., 1665 to 1957 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1959), 278; Lawrence W. Levine, Highbrow/Lowbrow: The Emergence of Cultural Hierarchy in America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988), 78. 5. Philip C. Lewis, Trouping: How the Show Came to Town (New York: Harper Row, 1973), 115. 6. Lewis, Trouping, 83; Deborah Ford Dickinson, On With The Show! Theatrical Touring Companies in the 19th Century American West (Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, sponsored by the North Dakota Humanities Council, 2004), 3. 7. Don B. Wilmeth and Christopher Bigsby, eds., The Cambridge History of American Theatre, Vol. 2, 1870–1945 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 150; Lewis, Trouping, 83. 8. Cheyenne (WY) Daily Leader, Aug. 3, 1879. notes to pages 13–18 • 267 9. Wilson, Three Hundred Years of American Drama, 127. 10. Quincy (IL) Daily Herald, Jan. 13, 1876. 11. Nellie Snyder Yost, Buffalo Bill: His Family, Friends, Fame, Failures and Fortunes (Chicago: Sage Books, 1979), 41; Peter Alexis and Henry Kucharzyk, Texas Jack and the Peerless Morlacchi (Lowell, MA: Patrick J. Mogan Cultural Center, 1994). 12. New Haven (CT) Evening Register, May 17, 1897. 13. Ibid., 713. 14. L. O. Leonard, “Buffalo Bill’s First Wild West Rehearsal,” The Union Pacific Magazine 1, no. 8 (Aug. 1922). 15. From a display in the Buffalo Bill Museum, Golden, CO, Sept. 2001. 16. Cody, Autobiography, 17. 17. Cody, Autobiography, 327. 18. Philadelphia interview quoted in St. Louis (MO) Daily Democrat, May 4, 1873. 19. Cody, Autobiography, 360. 20. James L. Smith, Melodrama (London: Methuen, 1973), 17. 21. Thomas J. Schlereth, Victorian America: Transformations in Everyday Life, 1876–1915 (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), xiv...