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211 Index Abortion, 33 Abu Bakr (caliph of Islam), 139–40 Actions, 55, 173; choosing correct, 59, 148–49; Confucian canons on, 168–69; consequences of, 31, 36, 145, 171; reasoning about, 132, 134; speech and, 30–31; will to power as motivation for, 64–65 Adorno, Theodor, 193 Aesthetic values, 65–66, 131 Agape: An Ethical Analysis (Outka), 22 Alcott, Bronson, 97 Alexander the Great, 56 Ali (caliph of Islam), 140 Alienation, 182–83, 185 “Allegory of the Cave,” in Plato’s Republic, 134 Altruism, 4; in agape, 19–20; Ayn Rand rejecting, 87, 90; as counterproductive , 72; definition, 9; King’s personal form of, 40, 42–43; war as, 91 Analects (Confucius’ teachings in), 168–69 Ansari, Abdul Haq, 139–40 Anscombe, Elizabeth, 21–22 Aquinas, Thomas, 21, 104–5 Arendt, Hannah: background of, 121–22, 125–26; on freedom, 5–6, 93; writings by, 122–25 Aristophanes, 130 Aristotle, 5, 7, 131; background of, 56; ethics applied to communication, 58–60; influence of, 44, 89; on knowledge, 102, 104–5; virtue ethics of, 21, 53, 55–57, 170; writings of, 56 Art: journalism as, 192; as replacement for Christianity, 63–64; in search for knowledge, 100 Arthashastra (Kautilya), 81, 83 Audience, passive vs. active, 185, 190 Authority: in deferential relationships, 169–70; effects of belief in death of God on, 53; normative ethics honoring, 127 Autonomy, 5–6, 93, 173. See also Freedom Ayesha (Muhammad’s wife), 139 Bahirah, and Muhammad, 136 Bakunin, Mikhail, 181 Baron, Marcia, 148–49 Bauman, Zygmunt, 65 Being, vs. ethics, as foundation of existence, 201–2 Beliefs: knowledge vs., 129; reality vs., 134 Benhabib, Seyla, 106–7 Bentham, Jeremy, 25, 27, 44, 65 Beyond Good and Evil (Nietzsche), 62, 65 Birth of Tragedy, The (Nietzsche), 62–65 Blanchot, Maurice, 201–2 Blücher, Heinrich, 122 Body, vs. soul, 131 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 5, 93; background of, 110–11; communication style of, 109; contribution to communication ethics, 111–12; dialectic of, 111–13; on dialogue, 113–14; uniting doubt and conviction, 109–10; writings of, 111 Bonhoeffer, Klaus, 111 Bourke-White, Margaret, 177–78 Boyer, Ernest, 205 212 . Index Boyle, Robert, 102 Brazil, Freire in, 116–17 Brook Farm, 98–99 Buber, Martin, 4, 112, 202 Buddha, and Confucius, 168 Buddhism, 11, 13; on communication, 12; importance of actions in, 14–15; main ethical guidelines of, 15 Bush, George, 11 Camus, Albert, 5; background of, 74, 79; on communication, 78–79; examining rebellion, 76–78; existential ethics of, 53; on suicide as philosophical problem, 76–77; as writer rather than philosopher, 75–76; writings of, 74–75 Canaris, Wilhelm, 111 Capital (Marx), 181–82 Capitalism, Marx’s critques of, 181–82 Carey, James W., 37, 78 Carlyle, Thomas, 97 Categorical Imperative, Kant’s, 145–49 Cavendish, William (Earl of Devonshire ), 159–60 Character, growing from actions, 55 Charles I, King (of England), 159–60 Charles II, King (of England), 102–3 Chile, Freire in, 116 China: Classical Era in, 168; influence of Confucius in, 167, 169; occupation of Tibet by, 11 Citizens: mutual consent of, 197–98; relations among, 195–96, 198–99; relationship to society, 194; responsibilities of, 193; role in democracy, 190–91, 195 “Civil Disobedience” (Thoreau), 99 Civil disobedience, Thoreau’s, 95, 99 Civil rights. See Rights Civil Rights movement, U.S., 40, 125, 178 Class, social, 165, 173, 181 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 97 Common good, vs. self-interest, 6–7 Communication: Arendt not scholar of, 125–26; Aristotle’s ethics applied to, 58–60; Bonhoeffer and, 109, 111; Camus on, 78–79; Confucius’ teachings applied to, 170, 172; Dalai Lama’s values applied to, 12–16; education for, 115; effectiveness of, 100–101; equality in dialogues, 176; ethic of care’s influence on, 37–38; gender’s effects on, 38; importance of, 78, 184; influence of Jesus on, 22; in Islamic state, 142–43; Kant’s maxims applied to, 147–49; Levinas ’s different use of language, 202; listening as start of, 200; Machiavellianism in, 69–73; Mother Teresa’s ethics applied to, 50–51; motives for, 23; Muhammad as model of, 143; narrative sickness and, 118–19; Nietzsche’s ethics applied to, 65–66; Plato’s principles for, 132, 134; power of, 17, 83–84, 205–6; Rand on, 91–92; reaching understanding through, 194–96; reason and, 195; reintegration of communicators and audiences, 185; responsibilities in, 205–6; as secondary to ethics, 205; selflessness in, 23–24; strategic, 198; transmission of culture through, 78, 194 Communitarianism, 6–7...

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