Zen in Brazil: The Quest for Cosmopolitan Modernity

Index

Index Afro-Brazilian religions, 1, 2, 21, 81, 91, 94, 98, 123, 153, 168, 175; background of followers, 111; and spirits, 113 altar, 100, 154–155; creolization, 164–166. See also butsudan ancestor worship, 10, 32, 153, 154–155, 159, 164, 166, 170, 175; creolization, 168 anti-Asian campaigns, 27 anthropology, 3, 5, 6, 7, 17, 18, 148 Antropofágico movement, 64, 65, 73 Appadurai, Arjun, 6, 11, 21, 152, 195, 197 Argentina, 49, 138 Asian(s): campaigns against, 27; elites, 21, 91, 114; immigration to United States, 183, 230n.57; spirituality, 114 Australia, 7, 186 babies, 180–183 baby-boomers, 119–120 baptisms, 180–183 Basto de Albuquerque, Eduardo, 84–86 Bitti, Christiano Daiju, 88, 112, 117, 181 books: by Dalai Lama, 134; on Eastern philosophy, boom, 133–134; Portuguese language, 6, 7, 79, 101, 115, 221n.62, 222n.66; source of Buddhist teaching, 2, 4, 7, 115, 137, 144, 147, 170; spreading cosmopolitanism, 14; translated, 6, 16, 150 Bourdieu, Pierre, 145: and cultural capital, 15, 74, 88, 142; and habitus, 74, 87– 88; and reconversion of capital, 77; and taste, 74, 87, 142, 143 bourgeoisie, 145–146 Brazil: currency pegging, 76; Declaration of Independence, 64, 211n.5; dictatorship , end of, 117, 222n.67; economic crisis, 140; economy, history, 139–141; government, 29, 30; imports, 76; inauthenticity , 64, 211n.5; infrastructure development, 139; migration, 140; national identity, 13, 15, 30, 64, 65; presidents, 140 Brazil-Japan Friendship Treaty, 25 Buddha, 99–100, 124, 146, 190; in China, 100; illustration, 101 Buddha-L, 6, 7, 113, 216n.69 Buddhism: area of study, 4, 7; basis of growth, 141–142; British, 114; and Catholicism, 113, 153–154, 154–157; different schools of, 168; ‘‘engaged,’’ 146, 226n.52; ‘‘ethnic’’ and ‘‘convert,’’ 22, 172, 183, 184–185, 186, 192; European view of, 67–68; expansion, 78, 105, 107, 114, 148; main groups interested in, 144–149; modern, 9, 15, 21, 39–42, 50, 114–119, 121, 191, 208n.42; postmodernist , 208n.42; Pure Land, 36, 81, 220n.42; religion vs. philosophy, 21, 40, 67, 78, 91, 112, 139, 145–146, 151, 152, 157, 170, 171; True Pure Land, 36; Western, identifying, 187–188, 231n.73 Buddhismo-L, 1, 7, 135, 166–167, 178; commencement, 201n.23 Buddhist Society of Brazil, 79; founding, 103 Bukkokuji monastery, 9 Busshinji Temple, 8, 9, 23–25, 79, 80, 147, 171; abbess, 50–55, 150; conflicts, 9– 10, 24, 25, 60; cultural center, 45; dāna, 57; dwindling congregation, 59–60, 208n.32; and education, 144; elections, 23–24; establishment, 36; funerary rites, 160, 161; future of, 59–61; higan festivities , 153, 158; Jionji branch temple, 26; memorial services, 155–156, 160, 250 • Index Busshinji Temple (continued) 169; merit-making, 172–173; and nonJapanese Brazilians, 24, 47, 55; sōkan, 36, 38, 43, 48–50, 55, 57, 58, 80, 86, 113; weddings, 179 butsudan, 154, 155, 155–156, 158, 159, 163, 164; care of, 165–166 Catholicism: See Roman Catholicism Census (2000) statistics, 95, 106, 109, 199n.7 China, 66, 84, 100 Chinese Exclusion Act 1882, 27 Christianity, 21, 40, 46, 48, 59, 67, 91, 98, 102, 118, 151, 158, 160, 163, 175; and baptism, 180, 181, 182; and creolization, 97, 163–164; and weddings, 177, 179. See also Roman Catholicism clientelism, 64, 212n.6 Coelho, Nelson, 78–79, 80, 148 Coen de Souza: See Coen sensei Coen sensei, 23–24, 38, 50–55, 91, 154, 155, 169, 173, 174, 176, 180, 200n.21; background of, 9; cassette tapes of interviews with, 144; difficulties because of gender, 52–53; dismissal from Busshinji Temple, 6, 53–54, 60, 160; head nun of Busshinji Temple, 150; and Kirigayaji Temple, 9; language skills, 56, 150, 156, 160; photos, 54, 179; and zazen, 58, 166 ‘‘continuum’’ of Zen, 116–117, 144 Corrêa Pinto, Gustavo, 83 cosmopolitanism, 14, 73–78, 89, 128, 145; and travelling, 77, 89 creole: origin of term, 17, 18; derogatory term, 18 creolization, 4, 16, 22, 89, 162–167, 192, 198; ancestor worship, 168; baptism ceremony, 180–182; Buddhist and Catholic practices, 162–163, 163–164, 178; and Christianity, 97, 163–164; definition , 17, 19; early, 92–95; with karma and rebirth, 97–98; of language, 17; synonym for hybridity, 18; with Umbanda, 98; and use in academic analyses, 19 ‘‘creolized Zen,’’ 21, 54 cultural capital, 15, 73–74, 77, 78, 88, 143, 145, 147–148, 149, 171 cultural industries, 21, 109, 126, 130–134, 152, 195–196 culture, 64–66; ‘‘cannibalizing,’’ 15, 64...