The Best Course Available: A Personal Account of the Secret U.S.-Japan Okinawa Reversion Negotiations

Index

Acheson, Dean, 319 Aichi, Kiichi: appointed foreign minister, 38; decision to refrain from smoking, 304; meetings, with U. Alexis Johnson, 39–40, 55; —, with William Rogers, 144; on nonnuclear reversion, 171; possible involvement in textile talks, 285–286; visits Washington, 90–94 Akemi, Tachibana, 20–21 Akihito, Emperor of Japan, official visit to U.S., 21 Akiyama Chòzò, 73 aliases, reasons for, 112 Allen, Richard, 44, 340n. 21 Amami Island, reversion to Japan, 4 anpo, 358n 6. See also U.S.–Japan Mutual Security Treaty Apollo XII, 263–264 article 3 territories: and nuclear weapons, 8; “residual sovereignty” formula, 3–4; San Francisco Peace Treaty, status under, 3 back-channel diplomacy: and Hashimoto and Japan Defense Agency, 7; Nixon administration’s penchant for, 7; Nixon’s and Kissinger’s views on, 142; and Satò’s tendency to sideline Japanese foreign ministry, 7. See also political “hotline” Bakufu, 333 bases. See Okinawa: bases Bases Problems Research Council, 49; and meeting with Aichi Kiichi, 133; and reports to Satò, 36, 66–67 B-52 bombers: and nuclear weapons, 65; in Okinawa, 14; role in Vietnam War, 128, 145 Bonin Islands, reversion to Japan, 14. See also article 3 territories Buchanan, James, 333 Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 323 Burke, Arleigh, 52 Burns, Arthur, 88, 142 Central Deliberative Council on Education, 96 Index Chiba Kazuo, 277 China. See People’s Republic of China Clapp, Priscilla, and Brookings Institution study on Okinawa, 81, 83–84 Clinton, William J., 21 Council of Advisers on the Okinawa Problem, 183–184 Daniels, Mike, 163 decision-making, Japanese, 126 diplomacy, use in resolving territorial disputes, 24 Dirksen, Everett, 129 Dorn, William Jennings Bryan, 352n. 7 Dulles, John Foster, 4–5 Eisenhower, Dwight D.: abortive Japan visit, 132; funeral of, 70; on military bases, 5; Okinawa policy, 4–5 elections, Japan’s House of Representatives, 322, 324–325 Flanigan, Peter, 327–328 Ford, Gerald, 88 Foreign Ministry, Japanese: accepts need for nuclear weapons on Okinawa, 55, 68; differences with Satò over reversion; 36, 58; favors gradual withdrawal of U.S. privileges, 55; limited influence on Satò, 68; tactics during Okinawa talks, 39 Fujiyama Aiichirò, 121 fukoku-kyòhei, 334 Fukuda Takeo: contact with Wakaizumi, 12–13; as finance minister, 351n. 13 Fukui Haruhiro, 68 Funabashi Yoichi, 337n. 2 Fuwa Tetsuo: declassification of U.S. archives, 9 Gaimushò. See Foreign Ministry, Japanese Green, Michael J., 348n. 24 Griffin, Robert, 158 Haig, Alexander M., Jr., 112, 136, 188, 273; promotion to general, 210 Halperin, Morton, 340n. 24; as deputy assistant secretary of state, 13; on key problems of reversion, 46; National Security Council, role on, 47–48; —, resignation from, 75, 154–155, 349n. 5; tension with Henry Kissinger, 105 Harris, Townsend, 332 Hashimoto Ryûtarò, 3, 6 Hirohito, Emperor of Japan: as guarantor of friendly Japan–U.S. ties, 149; public statement following reversion of Okinawa, 330–331; Satò’s attitude towards, 149–150 Hori Shigeru, 57; as chief cabinet secretary, 38, 342n. 19; on nonnuclear, homeland level reversion, 66 Humphrey, Hubert: 1968 presidential contest with Nixon, 33, 35; opposition to trade protectionism, 183 Ikeda Hayato, 5 Inoue Kiyonao, 332 international society: and post-Cold War international relations, 22–25; and spiritual values, importance of, 23–24 Iwò Jima: combatants killed, 18; U.S. Marine Corps assault on, 17–19; vegetation, 17. See also Bònin Islands Jacoby, Michael, 19–20 Johnson, Lyndon B.: Vietnam War and decision not to contest presidency, 15 Johnson, U. Alexis: as ambassador to Japan, 5; commitment to nonnuclear reversion, 63; on textile talks, 356n. 5; as undersecretary of state, 40, 62–63, 145 Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., views on Okinawa, 14, 77–78 Joint Communiqué: final format, 302–303; Foreign Ministry drafts, 189, 198; Japanese media reaction to, 306–307; Japanese political opposition views, 305; Kissinger’s response to Wakaizumi’s drafts of, 212–214; negotiations between Wakaizumi and 362 Index Nixon, 215–217, 219–220; Satò’s stress on nonnuclear nature of bilateral accord, 303; Satò’s three drafts of, 197–198; subdued Okinawan reaction, 305; Wakaizumi’s revision, 202–203 “Jones, Dr.,” 112 kabuki politics, 112–113 kaku nuki hondo nami, 16 Kanagawa Treaty, 332 Kawamura Kinji, 35 Kawashima Shòjiro, 61 Kenkenroku, 338n. 1 Kennan, George, 2 Kennedy, David, 328 Kennedy, John F., 5 Kimura Toshio: demoted to deputy chief cabinet secretary, 38; on nonnuclear reversion, 36, 58, 61; Wakaizumi’s view of, 58–59; on Washington summit talks...