Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese: A Companion to Grammata Serica Recensa

GSC ENTRIES

GSC ENTRIES > 'developed into, becomes' 'loaned to' separates footnote entries * 'cognate (to)' or 'allofam' (fellow member in a word family)§ refer to sections in the introduction to the EDOC or, variant K. =Karlgren's GSR number. Rare graphs which I was unable to find in an available font are referred to by their GSR letters pInyIn transcription of Mandarin, followed by the Chinese character(s) zl *'When no character exists (as is often the case with colloquial dialect forms) an empty box D takes its place. MC Middle Chinese or Qieyun system (QYS), ca. AD 600. LH Later Han Chinese (also LHan) of the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. See §12.1.1. In the text, LHan is usually placed in brackets, thus [ka] =LHan ka unless otherwise identified. MHan Middle Han transcriptions of foreign names and words (Pulleyblank 1962; Coblin ms. 1993) QYS Qieyun System = MC S alternate Old South form of LHan (from later southern dialects, especially Min) S. Siamese (Tai) OC Old Chinese OCB Baxter's OC (1992) OCM Minimal Old Chinese form (starred items) R. Rime section (nos. 1 through 38) R ! the unexpected rime and tone are confirmed by a rhyme in poetry ac acute initials (see 1.4) gr grave initials (see 1.4) lab OC labial[ized] initials (p...m [kw...]); non-lab = non-labial initials w OC initial w- (which allows pre-initial velars and s, z) [D] Chinese dialect forms; col. = colloquial form (bai a), lit. = literary or reading form (wen )(). Dialects (actually Sinitic languages) are identified by location. See §l2.l.3. Since many of them are not well known, the dialect affiliation is prefixed to the name of the location. These abbreviations are: G =G~m, K =Kejia (Hakka), M =Min, W = Wu, X =Xiang, Y =Yue (Cantonese), Mand. =Mandarin, P =Proto-, as in PMin = Proto-Min (also CMin =Common Min). Place names are sometimes shortened: -m = -men, -zh = -zhou, HK = Hongkong. xv GSCENTRIES [E] comments on etymology, especially foreign connections (cognates or loans); details and the key to abbreviations are found in the EDOC [N] introduces further notes or comments [T] transcriptions of the Chinese word; these are occasionally provided to show a word's later development (see §12.1): Sin Sukchu or Sin S. (EMing = Early Ming period Chinese); SR 'standard reading,' PR 'popular reading,' LR 'left reading' MGZY = Menggu ziyun CPhags-pa) of the Yuan (Mongol) period (1270-1308) ONW(C) = Old Northwest Chinese from about AD 400, as interpreted by Coblin 1994. Occasionally Sui-Tang Chang'an (Coblin's STCA, ca. AD 640) and MTang (Middle Tang, ca. AD 775) forms are also added. BTD =Buddhist Transcriptional Dialect (later Han period) (Coblin) MHan = Middle Han (pre-BTD) (Coblin ms. 1993; Pulleyblank 1962); sources are mostly the Hanshu and the Hou-Hanshu (HHanshu) The OC rime categories are arranged and numbered as follows: 1 a '2 ak 3 al) , 4 ~ 5 ~k 6 ~I) 7 e 8 ek 9 el) 10 0 11 ok 12 01) 13 u 14 uk 15 ul) 16 au 17 auk -- -- 18 ai 19 oi 20 et, e(t)s 21 at, a(t)s 22 ot,o(t)s 23 en 24 an 25 on 26 i 27 ~i 28 ui 29 it, i(t)s 30 ~t, ~(t)s 31 ut, u(t)s 32 in 33 ;m 34 un 35 ap,op 36 am, om 37 ~p, ip, up , 38 ~m, im, urn I , Within rime categories, the phonetic series are arranged by initial types, usually in the following sequence (OCM initials): k kw w h(w) ?(w) I)(w) t 1 j r n ts s p m xvi GSCENTRIES Tables The entries in the fields consist of MC +LHan +OC * Horizontal lines = MC (QYS) 'Divisions' Vertical columns = OC rime categories Grayed fields show phonologically impossible combinations R. ac gr lab non-lab w = Rime section in GSC acute initials (see 1.4) grave initials (see 1.4) OC labial[ized] initials (p...m, kw...); =non-Iabial[ized] initials OC initial w- (which permits pre-initial velars and s, z) xvii ...