The Naked Communist: Cold War Modernism and the Politics of Popular Culture

Index

aesthetic ideology, 9–35; and aesthetic unconscious, 32–34; and critique, 9–14; defined, 2–3; and distribution of the insensible, 20–27, 33; and distribution of the sensible, 15–20, 33; and exclusion, 27–32; and ideology, 9–14; and limits of representation, 27–32 Aesthetic Ideology (de Man), 12 aesthetic practices, 15, 17 aesthetics: and art, 82–85; defined, 9–14; of high modernism, 82; and literature, 97; modernist, 85–94; in spy novels, 155; of ugliness, 190, 197, 198, 228n81 aesthetic unconscious, 32–34 After Worlds Collide (Wylie), 133–34 Agamben, Giorgio, 43 age of anxiety, 44, 177 allegorization, 116 Althusser, Louis, 11, 27, 29 American exceptionalism, 65 American national identity, 62–63, 65 The American Novel and Its Tradition (Chase), 99 America’s Coming of Age (Brooks), 101 “Anti-Communism in Fiction” (Glicksberg), 105 anti-Communist aesthetic ideology: aesthetic components, 3, 82–108; and limits of representation, 36–52; and literature, 94–100; and mass culture, 175; political components, 3, 36–81 anti-Communist politics, 36–38; and anticolonialism, 68; art’s role in, 84; and catastrophe, 75; and global enemies, 170–75; internal struggles of, 37; militarization of, 39–40, 162; and modernism, 3, 85–94, 100, 176, 179; naturalization of, 53–54, 60, 83, 164; and popular fiction, 100–108; and religion, 54–55, 166, 192–93, 224n101; religious universalism of, 134; and Third World, 173–74 anti-imperialism, 66, 189–98. See also colonialism antirealism, 83, 85, 120 art: aesthetic ideology’s relationship to, 2–3; and aesthetics, 10, 82–85; Althusserian theory of, 12; in anti-Communist ideology, 35, 82; conspiracy as, 159; and distribution of the sensible, 16; kitsch vs., 160; and mass culture, 102–3, 121; and modernism, 177, 213n27; phenomenology of, 13; politicization of, 10, 40–41, 122; propaganda vs., 82, 106–7; realism in, 146–47; regimes of, 18; and representation, 150–51; role in anti-Communist politics, 84; and secrecy, 146; violence as replacement for, 167 “The Artist on the Horns of a Dilemma” (Biddle), 88 Index 240 / index and modern art, 87; self-deception necessary for, 59; in spy novels, 142 constitutional dictatorship, 55 containment, 57, 58, 62, 174, 178 Cousins, Norman, 75, 76, 78 Cowley, Malcolm, 166 crisis: of agency, 45; permanent state of, 43, 202, 206–7n19; of representation, 42–52; total, 42–43; universal, 44 critique: and art vs. propaganda, 106–7; defined, 9–14; and liberal imagination, 41–42; and modernism, 87 culture: divisions of, 101; and the enemy, 55; and modernism, 86; politicization of, 40; and representation, 48. See also highbrow culture; lowbrow culture; mass culture; middlebrow culture cycle of clandestinity, 141–42 Davis, Kenneth C., 166 decolonization, 67 de Man, Paul, 12, 13 democracy: and art, 85; in Asian countries, 67; Communism’s use of, 55; and depoliticization, 71; and mass culture, 225–26n28; miscount of, 16; and modernism, 91; and representation, 41; and rule of law, 161–62, 163; and secrecy, 69–75, 141, 160–69 detective fiction, 149–50, 160–69 Devree, Howard, 89, 90, 92–93, 94 Disagreement (Rancière), 20 Disappearance (Wylie), 134, 135 Dolan, Frederick M., 46, 84, 208n40 domestic Communists, 61–64, 170 domestic policy: foreign policy’s primacy over, 38–42; and racial politics, 64, 66 Dondero, George, 86, 93 Dreiser, Theodore, 83, 124, 146 Dulles, John Foster, 182, 184 Eagleton, Terry, 12, 13–14 Eco, Umberto, 158, 159–60 Eliot, T. S., 100, 118 empty signifier, 27 the enemy: domestic Communists, 61–64; dual nature of, 58; global, 170–98; identification of, 193; imitation of, 55, 56, 192; inventing, 53–56; limits of representation of, 4; and necessary knowledge, 181; as normalcy, 34; and political ideologies, 2; and religion, 54–55; representation of, 80–81; atomic holocaust novels, 111–39; and civil defense, 75–76; documentary nature of, 116; and modernism, 5, 117–22; and necessary illusions, 122–29; and unity of the world, 4; and the world, 129–39; and world politics, 111–17 autonomization of aesthetics, 19 “Avant-Garde and Kitsch” (Greenberg), 104 Badiou, Alain, 20–27, 33, 34 Balibar, Etienne, 14 Beaman, R. B., 94 Being and Event (Badiou), 21 Bell, Daniel, 38 Benedict, Ruth, 123 Benjamin, Walter, 10–11, 113 Biddle, George, 88–89 Bonitzer, Pascal, 115 bourgeoisie, 24, 32 Boyer, Paul, 76, 78, 211n55 Brooks, Van Wyck, 101–2 Buchan, John, 151–55 Burdick, Eugene, 189, 191 Call for the Dead (le Carré), 156 Casino Royale (Fleming), 158 catastrophe: and civil defense, 75–80; as excrescence, 34...