Gender, State, and Medicine in Highland Ecuador: Modernizing Women, Modernizing the State, 1895-1950

Index

247 INDEX Abbott, Andrew, 223n51 abortion, 137–41, 185, 187, 224n63, 225n68 Abrams, Philip, 3 Acijuela, Manuela, 43 Afro-Ecuadorians, 175 A.G. (orphan), 43 agency, 3, 9, 193n3 agrarian reform (1960s), 32 Aguirre, Adrila, x, 225n1, 231n79 alcoholism, 92 Alfaro, Colón E., 150 Alfaro, Eloy, 10, 13–14, 23 Allende, Salvador (physician), 57 Americanas, las, 143, 154, 156–58, 176–77, 228n30 anatomo-politics (Foucault), 24 Andrade Marín, Carlos, 57, 76, 96, 144, 177 Andrade Stacey, Alicia and Ximena, x, 194n17 Araujo, Angel F. and Obdulia Chiriboga de, 40–41 Araujo, Gabriel, 63, 208n107 Arauz (Doctor), 162–63 Note: page numbers in italic type indicate tables and a map Armas, Judith, 157 Arrellano, Cecilia de, x, 221n19 Arroyo del Río, Carlos, 7, 12 Asilo Antonio Gil, 48–50, 61 Asistencia Pública. See Beneficencia/ Asistencia Pública, Junta de Asociación de Empleados, 87 Asociación de Trabajadores del Fósforo Libertad y Justicia, 74 Ayabaca, Dolores, 134 Ayora, Isidro, 4–5, 62, 92, 206n92, 207n101; nurses and midwives, 115, 125–26, 142, 145, 148–49; venereal disease prophylaxis, 84 Baca, Héctor, 73–74 Baker, Charles, 54 banana production, 12–13 Barberis, Luis, 62, 65 barchilonas, 145–46, 182 Barrera, Jaime, 10 Bastidas, Antonio, 61, 76–77, 187, 207n100 Batallas, Eduardo, 68 Becker, Marc, x, 31 248 • INDEX Beneficencia/Asistencia Pública, Junta de, xi, 30, 34–36, 70, 200n4; and children’s hospital ward, 54–55, 61; daycare, 49, 64–67; and Escuela Nacional de Enfermeras, 151–52; home medical visits, 68–69; infant care, 64; and Maternidad de Quito, 115; and orphanages, 36, 38–39 Besse, Susan, 22 biopolitics (Foucault), 24–25 Black, Chad, 26 Bliss, Katherine, 107 Blum, Ann, 203n54 Bourdieu, Pierre, 29 bronchitis, 54, 57, 68–69 bubonic plague, 35, 80 Buen Pastor convent, 34, 38–39, 42, 44, 72, 216n78 Bustamante, Carlos, 151, 163–64, 173–74, 176–77 Byron, George Gordon (Lord), 9 cacao production, 12, 106 Cacciopo de Cevallos, Anne, 153–55, 161 Cacuango, Dolores, 7, 31 Cadena, Reina, 116 Caesarean section, 187 Caja del Seguro, 20, 152 Caja de Pensiones, 20 Camarote de Santa Marta (Hospital San Juan de Dios), 139 Carrera, Inés, 68, 209n130 Casares Rivera, Manuel María, 59 Catholic Church: and education, 6, 11, 194nn10–11; and nursing, 147, 190, 231n73; and rehabilitation of prostitutes, 216n78; and sexuality, 108; and social welfare, 11, 34–36, 60; and state, 6, 11, 13, 15–16, 34–35, 51–52. See also specific institutions and religious orders census, 28, 53 Central Bank, 12 Centro de Re-educación Femenina, 72 Cevallos, Hortensia, 129 charity, 36, 58–60, 70–72, 74–75, 200n3, 207n95 child protection and welfare: abandoned children, 37–48, 64–66, 203n52; child labor, 37–42; daycare, 42, 48–51, 63–64, 66–67; digestive problems, 54–57, 64, 66, 75–77; and eugenics and genetic constitution, 72, 76–77, 82; as gendered social policy, 33, 36–40, 46–48, 75–77; infant mortality, 53–69, 57, 113–14, 183, 203n52, 222n35; mothers as responsible for, 55–56, 66, 75–77; mothers receiving state support and education, 52, 58, 62, 64, 112–13, 127–29; orphans and orphanages, 34, 36–51, 66–67, 71, 203n52; and population expansion for economic growth, 50–53, 114; provision of sterilized milk, 54–56, 58, 63–64, 66, 73, 184; state medical care, 50–69, 184; use by poor of state facilities for temporary care, 44–48, 73–74; venereal disease, 81, 92, 100–101, 104, 212n6. See also illegitimacy Children’s Bureau (U.S.), 176, 209n134 chulla quiteña, la, 182 Civil Code (1967), 187 Civil Guard, 97–98 Civil Marriage and Divorce Law (1902), 15 civil registry, 15, 52–54 Civil Registry Law (1900), 52 Clínica de la Caja del Seguro (CCS), 126, 161, 165 Clínica Endara, 126 Clínica Moderna, 126 INDEX • 249 Clínica Narváez, 126 Clínica Pasteur, 126, 153 Clínica Quito, 126 Clínica Román, 126 Club de Profesores del Instituto Nacional Mejía, 7 Código de Menores (Child Code, 1938), 2, 33, 41, 69–70 Colegio 24 de Mayo, 135, 223n44 Colegio de La Providencia, 38 Colegio Normal Juan Montalvo, 85 Colegio Normal Manuela Cañizares, 6 colonias infantiles sanitarias, 69 Comedor de la Madre, 64 Comité Pro-habilitamiento del Pabellón de Niños del Hospital Eugenio Espejo, 74 Comité “Pro Infancia...