Theological Milton: Deity, Discourse and Heresy in the Miltonic Canon

NOTES

NOTES Notes to Introduction 1. See C. A. Patrides, “Paradise Lost and the Language of Theology ,” Language and Style in Milton: A Symposium in Honor of the Tercentenary of “Paradise Lost,” ed. Ronald David Emma and John T. Shawcross (New York: Frederick Unger, 1967), 106, 108. 2. Michael Lieb, “De Doctrina Christiana and the Question of Authorship,” Milton Studies 41, edited by Albert C. Labriola (Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990), 172–230. 3. The question of the place of the Spirit in the enactment of this conception is a subject unto itself. For studies that establish the religious contexts that underlie the conception of the Holy Spirit in literature and art, see Albert C. Labriola, “The Holy Spirit in Art: The Theological Bearing of Visual Representation,” Proceedings of the FifthFirst Annual Convention of the Catholic Theological Society of America (New York: St. John’s University Press, 1996), 51:143–62; “Biblical Typology and the Holy Spirit: The Tree of Jesse and the Crucifixion,” Cithara: Essays in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition 39 (November 1999): 3–12; “The Annunciation and Its Hebraic Analogues ,” Cithara: Essays in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition 40 (May 2001): 27–36; and “The Holy Spirit in Selected Manuscript Illumination ,” Cithara: Essays in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition 42 (November 2002): 13–31. Like the figure of the Incarnate Savior, the figure of the Spirit extends beyond the boundaries of this study. 4. G.C. Stead, “How Theologians Reason,” in Faith and Logic, edited by Basil Mitchell, 108–31 (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1957). 5. Patrides, “Paradise Lost and the Language of Theology,” 112. Patrides cites Ronald W. Hepburn, Christianity and Paradox (London: Watts, 1958), 16. See I. M. Crombie, “The Possibility of Theological Statements, in Faith and Logic, 31–83. 6. John Milbank, The Word Made Strange: Theology, Language, Culture (Oxford: Blackwell, 1997), 1; Milbank, “Postmodern Christian 279 280 Notes to Pages 4–9 Augustinianism: A Short Summa in Forty-Two Responses to Unasked Questions,” in The Postmodern God, edited by Graham Ward (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1997), 268. 7. On this issue, see William Shullenberger, “Linguistic and Poetic Theory in Milton’s De Doctrina Christiana,” ELN 19 (1982): 262–78. 8. See Lieb, “De Doctrina Christiana and the Question of Authorship.” 9. See Martin Luther, “The Last Sermon in Wittenberg” (1546). I address the subject of the deus absconditus later in this study, but I do so without taking account of Milton’s views of the will. 10. Jacob Bauthumely, The Light and Dark Sides of God (London, 1650), 10. Active in the New Model Army, Bauthumely was a leading Ranter in the ’1640s and ’1650s. 11. Jack Miles, God: A Biography (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995), passim. Unlike Miles, I limit my study more nearly to an examination of the dark side or face of God, rather than to the light side or face. For a discussion of this dimension of deity, see my “Adam’s Story: Testimony and Transition in Paradise Lost,” in Living Texts: Interpreting Milton, edited by Charles W. Durham and Kristin Pruitt, 21–48 (Selinsgrove, Pa.: Susquehanna University Press, 2000), followed by a response by J. Martin Evans, “Afterthoughts on Adam’s Story,” 48–56. 12. Harold Bloom, The Book of J (New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990), 316–17. 13. See Dennis Danielson, Milton’s Good God: A Study in Literary Theodicy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982), passim. 14. At the opposite end of the spectrum is Mary Ann Radzinowicz, Toward “Samson Agonistes”: The Growth of Milton’s Mind (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978), 267, 271, 283–84, 349. 15. See Rudolf Otto, The Idea of the Holy: An Inquiry into the Non-Rational Factor in the Idea of the Divine and Its Relation to the Rational, trans. John W. Harvey (Milford: Oxford University Press, 1928). For “the holy” as a category of experience in Milton’s works, see my Poetics of the Holy: A Reading of “Paradise Lost” (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1981). 16. The critical literature is replete with indictments of the “bad God.” Foremost is William Empson, Milton’s God (1961; reprint, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981). For an argument correspondingly stimulating and challenging, see Michael Bryson, The Tyranny of Heaven: Milton’s Rejection of God as King (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2004). 17. C. S. Lewis, A Preface to “Paradise Lost” (1942; reprint, New York: Oxford University Press, 1961), 130. Notes to...