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299 Introduction 1. Rev. Dr. D. Clay Lilly, “Many Beautiful Expressions for Mr. R. J. Reynolds,” Winston Salem Journal (hereafter cited as WSJ), July 30, 1918. 2. Winston-Salem Twin City Sentinel, July 30, 1918. 3. Raleigh News and Observer, July 30, 1918. 4. In “The Yankee of the South,” John Gilmer Speed argued in 1901 that the one failsafe pursuit for ambitious poor southern white men to pursue after the Civil War had been business. He claimed that the majority of all southern presidents of banks and manufactories had their origins in poverty, and the end of slavery created new equalities of opportunity that had not existed earlier. That R.J.R. painted himself as a poor boy made good speaks as much to this notion as to the American self-made man one. John Gilmer Speed, “The Yankee of the South,” Harper’s Weekly, March 4, 1901, 371–72. 5. Blair, “Richard Joshua Reynolds,” in Biographical History of North Carolina, 334– 40; H.E.C.B., “R. J. Reynolds,” Mount Airy News, December 9, 1909; “The Junior Observer ’s Tribute to R. J. R.,” Winston-Salem Twin City Sentinel, August 8, 1918; “Tobacco King Is Dead,” Baltimore Star, July 29, 1918; obituary, Raleigh News and Observer, July 30, 1918; and “R. J. Reynolds, Advertiser of Prince Albert and Camel Brands,” Printers Ink (New York), August 18, 1918. 6. “Funeral Service of Mr. Reynolds Held Yesterday,” WSJ, August 1, 1918. 7. “A Tribute from Reynolds Temple,” Winston Salem Sentinel, August 12, 1918. 8. Friend and Glover, Southern Manhood, vii–xiv. 9. “Funeral Service of Mr. Reynolds Held Yesterday.” 10. Woodward, Origins of the New South, 130. For the best recent overview of the Woodward school and subsequent scholarship on the Woodward thesis, see Boles and Johnson, Origins of the New South. 11. Cash, Mind of the South, 200. 12. Billings, Planters and the Making of a “New South”; Escott, Many Excellent People. 13. Carlton, “Revolution from Above,” 464–67. 14. Ibid., 465. 15. Brandt, Cigarette Century, 14. Chapter One. Making a Business of It 1. Siegel, Roots of Southern Distinctiveness, 9, 48–49; Clement, History of Pittsylvania County, 32–48; Crawford, “Rock Spring Plantation,” 5. 2. Crawford, “Rock Spring Plantation,” 6. Notes 300 Notes to Chapter One 3. Blair, “Richard Joshua Reynolds,” 334. 4. Pedigo and Pedigo, History of Patrick and Henry Counties, 17–18; Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, 3–5. 5. Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, 2–5; Pedigo and Pedigo, History of Henry and Patrick Counties, 26. 6. Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, 5, 8–11. 7. Shanks, Secession Movement in Virginia, 1–17; Noe, Southwest Virginia’s Railroad, 4–9; Tripp, Yankee Town, Southern Town, 6–12; Majewski, House Dividing, 12–14. 8. Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, 15, 17, 19. 9. Pedigo and Pedigo, History of Patrick and Henry Counties, 11. 10. Siegel, Roots of Southern Distinctiveness, 3–4, 124–25, 162–65, argues forcibly that the hinterlands surrounding Danville, including Patrick County, may have been blessed with men of strong entrepreneurial inclination, but they could not overcome their material conditions and the technical peculiarities of tobacco to bring widespread economic development to their region, making the successes of Hardin Reynolds the exception, not the rule. 11. Kulikoff, “Transition to Capitalism,” 120–44. 12. Ibid.; Affidavits, 1865–83, box 2, file 262, Reynolds Family Papers (hereafter rfp), Archives, Reynolda House Museum of American Art (hereafter rhmaa), WinstonSalem , N.C.; twelve attendance certificates to witnesses for Hardin Reynolds in cases heard before the Patrick County Circuit Court between 1871 and 1876, file 264; Court Papers, Decrees, 1860–95, file 265; sixteen Patrick County summonses, 1854–82, file 266; all in box 4, rfp, rhmaa. 13. Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, 14–15; Connor, Boyd, and Hamilton, History of North Carolina, 4:1; Blair, “Reynolds, Richard Joshua,” Barbara Millhouse private collection of family papers (hereafter bmfp). 14. Interviews with Reynolds Homestead docent Susannah Netherland and historic preservation consultant Elizabeth King, August 10, 2009, Reynolds Homestead, Critz, Va. 15. Pedigo and Pedigo, History of Patrick and Henry Counties, 18–19; Reynolds Homestead, Rock Spring Plantation, National Register of Historic Places InventoryNomination , 2. 16. Approximately sixty gravesites have been identified by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (hereafter vt) researchers and students in recent years. Only three actual headstones remain, including the grave of Will Lee Reynolds (1851–1936), born a year after R.J.R. 17. Tilley, Reynolds Homestead, x; the bed, piano, seashells, etc. are all on exhibit at the restored Reynolds Homestead, a state and...