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229 NOTES Abbreviations ACCM Atlanta City Council Minutes AHC Kenan Research Center, Atlanta History Center Archives, Atlanta MARBL Manuscripts, Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University, Atlanta LOC Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. NAR National Association of Realtors Archives, Chicago. NARA National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland NREJ National Real Estate Journal NULSRO National Urban League, Southern Regional Office Collection OA Records of the Olmsted Associates, Manuscripts Division, LOC RWWLA Robert W. Woodruff Library Archives, Atlanta University Center, Atlanta SFIM Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, City of Atlanta, Ga. (Teaneck, N.J.: Chadwick-Healey, ), microfilm Introduction . Annie E. Casey Foundation, Atlanta Civic Site, Neighborhoods Count; Logan, Ethnic Diversity Grows; Atlanta Journal-Constitution, January , . The story of post- redevelopment and the removal of the poor and black from near Atlanta’s central business district is told in L. Keating, Atlanta. See chap. in particular. . U.S. Census Bureau, DP-, Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: ; U.S. Census Bureau, DP-, Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics: . . Atlanta was similar to many cities in its heterogeneity prior to . See Gotham, Race, Real Estate, –; Hanchett, Sorting Out, –; Katzman, Before the Ghetto, – ; Kusmer, Ghetto Takes Shape; Osofsky, Harlem, –; Spear, Black Chicago, –; G. C. Wright, “NAACP and Residential Segregation,” . . On the move within history to address questions of hegemony as well as everyday enactments of power and resistance, see Gunn, “From Hegemony to Governmentality.” . Kruse, White Flight; Lassiter, Silent Majority; Warner, Streetcar Suburbs; Zunz, Changing Face of Inequality. . Kirby, Darkness at the Dawning; Silver, “Racial Origins of Zoning”; Silver, TwentiethCentury Richmond. . Power, “Apartheid Baltimore Style”; Rice, “Residential Segregation by Law”; G. C. Wright, “NAACP and Residential Segregation.” See also Grossman, Land of Hope; and Sides, L.A. City Limits. On the role of housing inequality in urban riots and civil disturbances , see, for example, Tuttle, Race Riot. The Atlanta riot did cause a backlash against Notes to Introduction blacks, but in the form of social reform, segregated streetcars, and restriction of voting rights. “Reformers” targeted saloons and brothels, and housing “reform” was not proposed . See Bauerlein, Negrophobia; Crowe, “Racial Massacre in Atlanta”; Crowe, “Racial Violence and Social Reform”; Godshalk, Veiled Visions; Mixon, Atlanta Riot. . Garb, “Drawing the ‘Color Line.’” On race and real-estate practices, see also Gotham, Race, Real Estate. . Hirsch, “Choosing Segregation”; Hirsch, “‘Containment’ on the Home Front”; Hirsch, “Less than Plessy”; Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto. . Hillier, “Residential Security Maps”; Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier. Hillier challenges the argument that the HOLC maps were used widely in redlining. Hillier, “Redlining.” David Freund discusses the continuing popular resistance to the idea of federal involvement in housing segregation. See Freund, Colored Property, chap. in particular. See also Kimble, “Insuring Inequality.” . Kruse, White Flight; Wiese, Places of Their Own. On the intersections of class, race, and housing, see also Lassiter, Silent Majority; Seligman, Block by Block; Sugrue, Origins of the Urban Crisis. . Nicolaides, My Blue Heaven; Freund, Colored Property. Geographers Marc Choko and Richard Harris have also traced how cultures of property vary across time and space. See their “Local Culture of Property.” . Bonilla-Silva, Racism without Racists; Duncan and Duncan, Landscapes of Privilege; Roediger, Wages of Whiteness. On the construction of race in the post-Reconstruction South, see Hale, Making Whiteness; and Ritterhouse, Growing Up Jim Crow. . On color-blind racism, see Bonilla-Silva, Racism without Racists. See also Freund, Colored Property; Kimble, “Insuring Inequality”; Kruse, White Flight. . Blomley, “Mud for the Land,” . . Bonilla-Silva, Racism without Racists; Duncan and Duncan, Landscapes of Privilege; Feagin, Racist America; Lipsitz, Possessive Investment in Whiteness. . On the development of elite suburban neighborhoods, see Sies, “‘God’s Very Kingdom ’”; Sies, “Paradise Retained”; Sies, “Toward a Performance Theory.” On suburban park-neighborhood design, see Fishman, Bourgeois Utopias; Fogelson, Bourgeois Nightmares ; Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier, –; Lyon, “Frederick Law Olmsted,” –. . My definition of a landscape way of seeing is informed by various works exploring cultural landscapes, including Cosgrove, Social Formation and Symbolic Landscape; Duncan , City as Text; Duncan and Duncan, Landscapes of Privilege. While most geographers use the phrase “landscape way of seeing” to discuss larger, natural environments and social systems, I find the concept appropriate for explaining how civic elites began to look at, shape, and/or appropriate residential landscapes and neighborhoods. . Federal interest in homeownership dates to the early formation of the United States, when Thomas Jefferson articulated a desire for a country of independent yeomen. See Cullen, American Dream, –. . On the variety of American suburban patterns, see Archer, Architecture and Suburbia ; Hayden, Building Suburbia; Stilgoe, Borderland. [3.16.66.206...
