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1 The University of alabama From Slavery to Desegregation rolling with the Tide beginning in the autumn of 1958, the rising tide of gridiron victories washed away the bad memories of football defeats during the mid-1950s. from that point into the summer of 1963, the University of alabama rolled along on the fortunes of the Crimson Tide and the growing level of achievements across the campus. in september 1962, as the class of ’63 entered its senior year and the class of ’66 strolled to their first classes, the University of alabama continued its upward trajectory.The student body at the Capstone numbered just over eight thousand with six thousand additional students matriculating at extension centers in birmingham, mobile, Gadsden, and Huntsville, as well as at the medical and dental schools in birmingham.The autumn leaves of the oaks on the campus in Tuscaloosa fell across 455 acres, its classrooms and dormitories still separated from the Warrior river by thick woods bounding the university ’s northern perimeter. a golf course and arboretum sat on a nearby tract and married student housing and storage facilities were on 150 acres constituting the northington campus, also located in Tuscaloosa. The Capstone itself was comprised of 285 buildings, including 25 built during the first four years of frank rose’s presidency. in addition to new construction, President rose also raised the university’s academic standing by increasing the intellectual rigor of existing programs. in an effort to couple the university’s teaching culture to research,rose attempted to hire younger faculty just out of graduate school whose pursuit of tenure required publication. The administration and faculty had achieved much since rose’s inauguration in may 1958. by 1962, the University of alabama, with its rich history, was well worth protecting and preserving. The University of Alabama / 9 a matter of History during the Civil War,so many cadets ran off to fight for the “Glorious Cause,” that the university was forced to counter this drain on the student body by admitting boys as young as fifteen.1 Even though the state legislature’s decision to turn alabama into a military school had more to do with disciplining the high-spirited sons of the planter class than it did with producing military leaders, the university’s contribution to the Confederacy made it a target of a Union army raid, an extension of General William T. sherman’s “march to the sea” during the closing months of the Civil War. on the night of april 3, 1865,Union troops occupied Tuscaloosa,and after a brief skirmish with cadets from the university, who were withdrawn by President landon Cabell Garland in an effort to avoid unnecessary bloodshed, the next morning the raiders burned most of the university, sparing only four buildings: the President’s mansion, a private house on campus known to this day as the Gorgas House, an observatory,and a small,white roundhouse armory.in the twenty-first century , they connect the modern university to its historic past. The university did not reopen until 1870 and rebuilding was a struggle given the poverty extant throughout the state and the south.it remained an all-male military school until ten females were admitted in 1893 due to the lobbying of JuliaTutwiler,aTuscaloosa native who studied at vassar College and Washington and lee University before serving as president of livingston state normal school (now the University of West alabama),from which alabama’s first ten female students had graduated. This volume concludes at the end of the 1969–70 academic year in the aftermath of campus disorders in may 1970. There were, however, two earlier significant instances when student dissent turned violent: one in 1900 and the other fifty-six years later. in december 1900, a cadet revolt that involved students barricading themselves in Woods Hall, the first building erected in the aftermath of the Civil War, led to the abolishment of the military system in 1904. from that point on, the University of alabama was a coeducational, nonmilitary institution, although army reserve officer Training was reestablished in 1917 and expanded to include an air force detachment in 1947. The second University of alabama struggled into the twentieth century with a student body hovering at barely four hundred students in 1912 when George denny accepted the presidential medallion as the university’s fourteenth president . at the end of his remarkable twenty-six-year tenure the student body [18.222.69.152] Project MUSE (2024-04-24...

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