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Adams, Jim, 139 Aldridge, John E., 141 American Civil Liberties Union, 136 Anderson, Archer, 9, 73, 77–78 Ashby, General Turner, 16 Askew, Reuben, 130 Association of Citizens’ Councils of Mississippi , 123 Barnett, Ross, ix, 119, 121; attack on “professional agitators,” 127; family ties to Confederacy, 125; opposition to increasing power of federal government, 128; opposition to James Meredith’s enrollment at University of Mississippi , 122; segregationist, 130; speech at Confederate Memorial Day, Jackson, MS, 140; speech to Citizens’ Council meeting, 120; and South at mercy of modern carpetbaggers, 125; states’ rights advocacy, 122 Bate, William B., 34 Bauer, Nicholas, 111 Bell, Landon C., 48; attack of carpetbaggers , 97; and cause of Civil War, North as, 56; defense of Constitutional rights, 46, 47; history of Confederacy should be written by South, 114 Benning, Anne Caroline, 20, 24 Bessinger, Maurice, 135 Birth of a Nation (Griffith), 118 Black, James C. C., 24, 40, 48; attack of Scalawags, 100; called for monument to Jefferson Davis, 85; critique of Gilded Age, 113; defense of Constitution , 47; defense of duty to southern cause, 54; and glorification of Civil War, 68; and inevitability of Civil War, 60–61; opposition to centralization of federal power, 112; praise for Redeemers , 101; on Reconciliation, 103–4; on Reconstruction, 98; and recovery of South after defeat, 109; and southern contributions to nation’s founding, 58 Boggs, William, 41, 51; defense of Constitution , 46; defense of slavery, 50; defense of secession, 42, 44; defense of southern manhood and womanhood, 58; praise for Jefferson Davis, 86; on­ sacred cause of the South, 55; vindication of the Confederates from charges of treason, 112 Boineau, Dotsy, 145 Brady, Thomas Pickens, 119; blame of Communists for racial problems, 129; defense of Citizens’ Councils, 124–25; family ties to the Confederacy, 125; and South as victim of “left-­ wing minority groups,” 127 Bramald, Theodore, 129 Brooks, Tyrone, 145 Brown v. Board of Education, 119 Index 184 Index Byrnes, James E.: pro-­ segregation stand, 130; and Reconstruction, 126 Calhoun, Patrick, 48 Cameron, William E.: and Confederacy’s spiritual loss, 95; defense of “constitutional liberty,” 46; memory of Confederate soldiers, 67 Campbell, Josiah A. P.: attack of Reconstruction , 97; defense of slavery, 48; perception of Redemption, 100; and white supremacy, 114 Capers, Ellison, 9, 23, 40; defense of Constitution , 45; and inevitability of Civil War, 60; and inevitability of Confederate defeat, 92; and sacred cause of the South, 55 Carr, Julian S., 24; defense of Reconciliation , 107; and inevitability of Confederate defeat, 92; and manhood of southern soldiers, 64; pessimistic view of Reconciliation, 103; praise of Confederate soldiers at Gettysburg, 69; praise of Henry Lunsford Wyatt, 70; and South’s “Phoenix-­ like” rise from ashes, 109 Carter, Hodding, III, 145 Caskey, W. M., 125 Central High School desegregation, 122, 126, 128 ceremonial speaking, 6–11 Charleston, SC, and origin of Confederate Decoration Day, 16 Children of the Confederacy, 141 Citizens’ Council, 120; and preservation of segregation, 124 Civil Rights Act of 1964, 130 civil rights movement, ix, xii, xiii, 8, 38; ties to Lost Cause, Reconstruction, and Redemption, 101; and Civil War Centennial , 118; and segregationists use of Lost Cause rhetoric, 118–19 Civil War: effect on southerners, 66, 67– 68; inevitability of, 60–61; reenactments , ix, xv, 6, 138, 139, 140; sectional nature of, 56–60 Civil War Centennial, 118 Clarke, Mrs. Mary Bayard, 21 Columbus, GA, and origin of Confederate Memorial Day, 16 Columbus, MS, and origin of Confederate Memorial Day, 16 Communist Party, 127, 129–30 Confederate flag, ix, xiii, 6, 119, 131, 144; and 2004 Democratic presidential primary controversy over, 136–37; anti-­ flag rally in South Carolina, 135; battle emblem removed from Georgia state flag, 132; children given for parades, 133; East Carolina University debate over, 137; Elmwood Cemetery controversy over, 137–38; and George Wallace, 134; hate groups use of, 131; and Hunley sub­ marine crew burial, 136; Mississippi vote to keep on state flag, 132; NAACP boycott of South Carolina over, 132; prom dress patterned after banned, 136; removal from Missouri state historic sites, 132; and states’ rights, 135; as symbol for blacks, 131; as symbol for whites, 131; as symbol of Dixiecrats, 133; as symbol of segregation and racism, 134; as symbol of University of Mississippi , 134; T-­ shirts with banned in high schools, 136; use in protest of President Truman’s civil rights initiatives, 133 Confederate Flag Day, 138 Confederate Heroes Day, 140 Confederate leadership, glorification of, 72–89 Confederate Memorial Day, xi, xii, xv, xvi, 5, 11...

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