The Woodland Southeast

Figures

Cover: Life in the Golden Crescent, Spring 800 A.D. Painting by Martin Pate, Newnan, Georgia. Courtesy of the artist and the SoutheastArcheological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. 2.1 Key Woodland sites in the Central Mississippi Valley.............................. 21 2.2 The Pinson Mounds site............................................................................ 26 2.3 The Hickman Earthworks mound and embankment complex................... 29 2.4 The Hoecake site....................................................................................... 34 2.5 Tomb A at the Hoecake site ...................................................................... 41 3.1 Map of Arkansas with physiographic regions and sites discussed in the text .................................................................................................. 46 3.2 Central Arkansas with physiographic regions and sites discussed in the text .................................................................................................. 48 3.3 Baytown site plan based on a 1940 map by James A. Ford ...................... 51 3.4 Toltec Mounds site plan with imposition of solar angles and the distance module in relation to Mound A ................................................... 52 4.1 Sites and major geographic subdivisions in the Lower Mississippi Valley ........................................................................................................ 68 4.2 Archaeological culture history of the Lower Mississippi Valley .............. 69 5.1 Important sites in and around the Fourche Maline culture area ................ 92 5.2 Fourche Maline regional and temporal phases ......................................... 95 6.1 Northern Ozarks Woodland period chronology ...................................... 114 6.2 Northern Ozarks study area showing locations of sites mentioned......... 115 6.3 Early Woodland projectile points: McMillan category CB2; untyped convex-base side-notched; Reeder category ES2 ................................... 119 6.4 Middle Woodland artifacts: Kings Corner-Notched projectile point; dentate stamped sherd; dentate rocker-stamped sherd ............................ 121 6.5 Late Woodland artifacts: Kings Corner-Notched projectile points; Rice Side-Notched projectile points; Scallorn projectile points; Maramec Cord Marked ceramics ............................................................................ 125 6.6 The Lohraff Petroglyphs ......................................................................... 130 7.1 Distribution of Early Woodland sites in the American Bottom............... 136 7.2 American Bottom Woodland chronology ............................................... 139 7.3 Distribution of Middle Woodland sites in the American Bottom............ 146 7.4 Distribution of Late Woodland sites in the American Bottom ................ 152 7.5 Patrick phase community organization at the Range site ........................ 155 8.1 General location of sites discussed in the text ........................................ 163 8.2 Webb’s plan of features below the Landing mound in northern Kentucky ................................................................................................. 172 8.3 Houses (?) at the Childers site ................................................................ 178 9.1 Location of Normandy Reservoir and upper Elk River valley................ 187 Figures x Figures 9.2 Plan view of Neel phase structure area, Eoff I site ................................. 192 9.3 McFarland phase Structure II, Eoff I site................................................ 193 9.4 Plan view of McFarland phase houses on McFarland site ...................... 195 9.5 Owl Hollow phase Structure II, Banks III site ........................................ 197 9.6 Plan view of Owl Hollow phase Structure I, Banks V site...................... 198 9.7 Plan view of Mason phase Structure I, Jernigan II site ........................... 201 10.1 Physiographic provinces and locations of flat-topped Woodland mounds .................................................................................................... 205 10.2 Cultural periods in the lower Midsouth .................................................. 206 10.3 Distribution of Gulf Formational components, northeast Mississippi .... 213 10.4 Distribution of Miller I components, northeast Mississippi ................... 214 10.5 Distribution of Miller II components, northeast Mississippi .................. 215 10.6 Distribution of Miller III components, northeast Mississippi ................. 216 10.7 Distribution of Gulf Formational through Miller III components, southeast subarea .................................................................................... 218 10.8 Assemblage durations ............................................................................. 219 10.9 Plan maps, Ozier Mound at Pinson Mounds, Tennessee, and Ingomar Mound 14, Mississippi ............................................................. 223 11.1 Physiographic regions and major sites in southern Mississippi .............. 229 11.2 Chronological framework for the southeast Mississippi Pine Hills ........ 231 11.3 Numbers of components by time period or subperiod ............................ 238 11.4 Middle and Late Gulf Formational ceramic distributions ....................... 240 11.5 Middle and Late Woodland ceramic distributions .................................. 243 12.1 Archaeological sites in western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee . 250 12.2 Woodland chronology for western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee ................................................................................................ 253 12.3 Plan view of Connestee stratum at base of Old Village midden, Garden Creek Mound No. 2 (31Hw2) ................................................................. 264 13.1 The Middle Atlantic region, noting major river systems and prominent sites and site complexes discussed in the text ......................................... 272 13.2 The cultural sequence in the Middle Atlantic area.................................. 274 13.3 Site and artifact distributions discussed in the text ................................. 281 13.4 Abbott Zoned pottery .............................................................................. 282 14.1 Area map of North Carolina indicating geographic provinces ............... 293 14.2 Locations of sites mentioned in the text and tables................................. 294 14.3 Regional ceramic sequences of the Coastal Plain and eastern Piedmont of North Carolina .................................................................... 297 15.1 Major Middle Woodland period sites in the coastal zone and interior Coastal Plain areas of northern Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina ... 319 15.2 The...