Triangulations: Narrative Strategies for Navigating Latino Identity

Index

231 Index acculturation. See assimilation/ acculturation Acosta, Oscar “Zeta”: and Gonzo journalism, 83, 86–87, 206n21; life of, 82–84, 197n21, 206n22; works: “Autobiographical Essay,” 92, 97; The Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo, 83, 84; “Racial Exclusion,” 204n7. See also The Revolt of the Cockroach People Acosta-Belén, Edna, 51, 52, 57, 202n29 Adams, Henry, 7, 8, 200n18 African Americans. See intergroup coalitions; Puerto Rican/African American triangulation Alarcón, Norma, 19, 43 Albizu-Campos, Pedro, 4 Aldama, Frederick, 107, 109, 113–14 Algarín, Miguel, 68 Alianza Obrera Puertorriqueña (Puerto Rico), 51 alternative gender roles. See gender oppression disruption Alvarez, Julia, 137, 147, 159; works: “Chasing the Butterflies,” 144, 146– 47, 158, 213–14n22; “Doña Aida, With Your Permission,” 137–38; “A Genetics of Justice,” 145–46; How the García Girls Lost Their Accents, 135, 147–52, 153–54, 212n14, 213n16; In the Name of Salomé, 135, 139, 141, 163–68, 214n24; ¡Yo!, 135, 152–56, 212n11. See also Alvarez’s writings; In the Time of the Butterflies Alvarez’s writings, 135–69; and class, 139–40, 150, 212n12; collectivization of historical trauma in, 151–52; critics on, 137, 144, 210–11n2; diaspora in, 137, 138, 139, 148–49; disruption of racial/ethnic binaries in, 14; female-centered past in, 127–28; geographic ruptures in, 149–50; hemispheric nationalism in, 167– 68; and historical truth, 142, 143, 144, 154, 157, 212n14; home in, 185; inheritors in, 164; insurgent nationalism in, 5, 20; melancholia in, 163, 214n23; memory in, 160, 161–62; personal-historical identification in, 164–68; and race/ethnicity, 139, 150–51, 212n11; silence in, 136–37, 138, 148, 161, 213–14n22; storytelling in, 153–56, 166; witnessing in, 160–61, 164, 213n21. See also genre in Alvarez’s writings American Dream, 37 American Labor Party, 51 American studies, 214n4 Anaya, Rudolfo, 109 Anderson, Benedict, 24, 30, 33, 39, 172, 188 Anderson, Linda, 8 232 · INDEX Anzaldúa, Gloria: on Aztec eagle/ serpent symbols, 43; and Aztec warrior icon, 110; on borderlands, 17, 196n14; on brownness, 114; on la facultad, 101–2, 207n1; on insurgent nationalism, 17, 19; on machismo, 102–3, 207–8n2 Aparicio, Frances, 19, 20, 21 Aponte-Parés, Luis, 103–4 Arana, Marie, 179 armed struggle. See violence assimilation/acculturation: in Barrio Boy, 37, 38, 46, 47–49, 200n10, 201n24; and pachuco (zoot suit) culture, 63 Ateneo Obrero Hispano (Puerto Rico), 51 At Home in Diaspora (Walters), 118 Augustine, Saint, 65 “Autobiographical Essay” (Acosta), 92, 97 autobiography: canonical traditions, 7, 8, 25, 200n18; Gramsci on, 9–11. See also first-person personal narrative The Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo (Acosta), 83, 84 The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin , 7, 8, 25 Aztec eagle/serpent symbols, 43 Aztec warrior icon, 110, 208n10 Báez Méndez, Buenaventura, 214n25 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 177 Balaguer, Joaquin, 211n8 Barrio Boy (Galarza), 29–33, 36–50, 59–60; acculturation/assimilation in, 37, 38, 46, 47–49, 200n10, 201n24; capitalism in, 38–39, 43, 200nn12, 14, 15; colonialism in, 40–41, 200n17; critics on, 37–38; education in, 44–49, 200n18; epigraph of, 200n18; gender oppression in, 43, 201n20; history in, 41, 44; intergroup coalitions in, 49; nationalism in, 39–40; oppositional consciousness in, 41–45, 49–50, 200–201n20; political action in, 11, 24, 29–30; protagonist of, 200n11 Belpre, Pura, 69 Bender, Stephen, 113 Benmayor, Rina, 22 Beverly, John, 11, 12, 158 Biltmore Six (California v. Montez), 83 black nationalism, 76–77, 205n18 Black Panthers, 77, 91 Bolivar, Simón, 57, 58, 167 Bonnelly, Rafael, 211n8 borderlands, 17, 37–38, 196n14 Bosch, Juan, 211n8 Bracero Initiative, 30, 32, 36, 198n4 Bravo, Francisco, 87, 88 bridge consciousness, 108, 120 The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Woo (Díaz), 174, 177 Briggs, Laura, 195n5 Brown, Claude, 65, 76, 77, 78, 205n18 Brown, Isabel Zakrzewski, 144, 158 Brown Berets, 14, 23, 25, 30, 83 brownness, 114–15, 116, 209n12 Bruce-Novoa, Juan, 122, 208n5 Burgos-Debray, Elizabeth, 11 Caamaño, Francisco, 211n8 California v. Montez (Biltmore Six), 83 Californios, 8, 98, 196n9, 206n25 Caló, 63 Caminero-Santangelo, Marta, 69–70, 71–72 canonical autobiographical traditions, 7, 8, 25, 200n18 INDEX · 233 capitalism: in Barrio Boy, 38–39, 43, 200nn12, 14, 15; Dominican Republic, 162–63; embeddedness in U.S. culture, 200n13; and liberal individualism, 38–39; in The Line of the Sun, 132; and transnationalism, 173–74 Caramelo (Cisneros), 174, 177–89, 181–89; Chicana/o/Mexican...