Doing Good: Racial Tensions and Workplace Inequalities at a Community Clinic in El Nuevo South

Index

157 Index abortion, 2–3, 89–90, 104–6 African Americans and African American staffers: conflict resolution and, 118–25; employment and, 23–24; enforcement of racial boundaries and, 130–34; exclusion of Spanish and, 56–60; “gatekeeping ” and, 53–55, 134–39, 142–43; moral identity of, 62–76, 126–27; as “racists,” 77–83; rule of seniority and, 44–45, 127–30; structural constraints and, 110–18; tensions with Latina/os, 12–13, 16, 26–29, 93–96. See also Americans Allahyari, Rebecca Anne, 4 Americans: client categorization and, 96–106; use of term, 85–87 Anzaldúa, Gloria, 6 appearance, 130–31 Baby Love program, 37 “bad apples,” 118–23 Bayne-Smith, Marcia, 31–32 Bettie, Julie, 18–19 Blumer, Herbert, 17 Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo, 9–10, 120, 131 borderlands, 6. See also “gatekeeping” boundary maintenance, 17–18 breastfeeding, 10 Broadway, Michael J., 24–25 Brown, Elaine, 140 Butter, Irene, 42 calling, health-center work as, 117–18 Care Inc., overview of, 36–43 children, 66–70, 82–83, 135–37 claims-making, 6 class: identity and, 18–20; perceptions of Latina staffers and, 65–66 collective identities, 8 Collins, Patricia Hill, 5 colorblind racism, 9–10 conflict resolution, 118–25 constraints, structural, 109–18 defensive othering, 17, 67–68, 96, 142–43 demographic changes, 38–40, 56, 62, 93–94, 113–14. See also immigrants and immigration dependence, 91 diversity training, 109, 117, 123 Du Bois, W. E. B., 48–49 Duke, David, 45 Economic Opportunity Act (1964), 29–30 El Refugio, 8–9 emergency rooms, 33 emotion management, 18 employment: of immigrants, 22–23; race and, 23–25 158 Index empowerment: of underprivileged, 107–8; for women, 89–92 fees, at Care Inc., 40 feminism, 61, 88–93 fieldwork, description of author’s, 12–16 Fink, Leon, 25 food pantries, 3 Ford, Gerald, 31 Ford, R. L., 140 funding, 112 “gatekeeping,” 53–55, 135–37, 142–43 gender: feminism and, 91–93; identity and, 18–20; and language in self-help movement, 6–7; moral identity and, 7–8; and perpetuation of inequality, 139–40; and segregation in health care, 41–42 Gold, Steven J., 134 Graham, Yvonne, 31–32 grounded theory, 17 Guttmacher, Sally, 31–32 health-care system, abuse of, 70–76 health-center program, 30–34 Health Services Cooperative (HSC), 37–38 Heath, Melanie, 8 Hemming, Jill, 27 higher-status staffers: conflict resolution and, 118–23; moral identity of, 127; overview of, 107–10; as problem solvers, 123–25; structural constraints and, 110–18 Holden, Daphne, 3 homeless shelters, 3 Hornsby, Angela, 27 HSC (Health Services Cooperative), 37–38 Hurley, Robert E., 32 Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, 26 identity: construction of racialethnic , 7; creation of, 5; race, gender, and class and, 18–20. See also moral identity immigrants and immigration: employment of, 24–25; healthcenter program and, 32; integration of, 141–42; in North Carolina, 21–23, 38–39, 85; prejudice against, 75–76, 81–82; racial tension and, 25–29. See also demographic changes; Latina/os and Latina staffers inequality: exclusion of Spanish and, 56–60; “gatekeeping” and, 53–55; overview of, 44–49; perpetuation of, 139–40; processes producing, 17–18; rule of seniority and, 49–53 insurance, 33–34 interactionist perspective, 16–18 intersectional theory, 5–6, 61 job security, 127–30, 133–34 Joffe, Carole, 2–3 Johnson, James H. Jr., 22–23 Johnson, Lyndon B., 29–30 Kasarda, John D., 22–23 Katz, Aaron, 32 Kleinman, Sherryl, 2, 7, 139–40, 144 language, and gender in self-help movement, 6–7. See also Spanish language Latina/os and Latina staffers: as “bad mothers,” 66–70; client categorization and, 96–106; conflict resolution and, 118–25; defense of, 93–96; demographic changes and, 113–14; enforcement of racial boundaries and, 130–34; exclusion of Spanish 159 Index and, 56–60; “gatekeeping” and, 53–55, 134–39; as “lazy,” 63–66; midlevel-status workers’ views on, 85–87; moral identity of, 76–83, 126–27; in North Carolina, 21–23, 38–40; relationship with African American staffers, 12–13, 16; rule of seniority and, 44–45, 127–30; social prestige of, 44–45; structural constraints and, 110–18; as system abusers, 70–76. See also immigrants and immigration Lichter, Michael, 25 Loaves and Fishes, 4 Mani, Lata, 13 Maternity Care Coordination (MCC) program, 14 maternity care coordinators: client categorization and, 96–106; defend Latina patients, 93–96; and...