Matrons and Maids: Regulating Indian Domestic Service in Tucson, 1914–1934

Index

225 Index Adams, Frances, 140 African Americans, 5, 21; as domestic workers, 103–4, 193n74, 196n9; in Tucson, 38. See also slavery Akimel O’odham (Pima), 3, 37–38, 177n4; girls working in Tucson, 3, 46, 98, 116; girls working in Phoenix, 30–32. See also domestic workers Albuquerque Indian School, New Mexico, 34 alcohol consumption: and matrons, 1, 86–87, 94, 104, 115; and naiwat ceremony, 86; prohibition of, 43, 86, 188n28 Aleut, 125 Alexander, James B., 26, 28, 30–31, 57 Alvarez, Jose, 44 Anglo Americans, 3, 18, 21, 38, 43, 160. See also employers; white women Antone, Ella Lopez, 15 Apache, 3, 38, 136 Armstrong, Estelle, 98, 192n61 Ashurst, Henry, 155–56 assimilation: and Estabrook, 58–60, 63, 73; Collier as critic of, 143; and female dependency, 60, 99; and marriage, 99–100; and outing, 5, 11, 29, 170n5 Atkins, John D. C., 19 B——, Beatrice, 118 B——, Ida, 118 Bancroft, Hubert Howe, 44 Bannan, Helen, 187n9, 203n10 Beal, Reverend, 156 Beatty, Willard W., 145, 159 Berkeley Outing Center, Oakland, 5, 150, 159 Blaine, Peter, 15, 37, 45, 78 boarding schools, Indian, 27; and outing programs, 2, 4–6, 18–20, 23–26, 34, 119, 170n5; removal of children to, 37, 86, 105, 119; returned students, 20, 36, 69. See also individual schools Bronson, Ruth Muskrat, 1, 138, 142–43, 203n13 Brown, John B., 98, 118 Buchanan, Mrs., 145 Burke, Charles H., 86, 89, 108 Burton, Ernest R., 135–36, 147 Cahill, Cathleen, 9, 182n5 Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Pennsylvania , 5–6, 23, 25, 30, 32, 34 Carter, Patricia, 8–9 Chapin, Sarah, 49, 181n42 Chemawa Indian School. See Salem Indian School, Chemawa Chinese Americans, 38, 131; storekeeper , 103–4 Chingren, Amanda, 7–8, 10, 48–49, 56; appointment as outing matron, 30–34, 53; concerns about girls’ accommodation, 67; investigation of, 98–99; retirement, 122, 130; residence of, 33 Chona, Maria, 15 Churchill, Ward, 170n5 citizenship, Indian, 44, 81 Clifford, James, 196n9 Coats, Peggy (Belva), 140, 159, 208n7 226 Index Colegrove, Mr., 31–33 Collier, John, 86, 143, 145–46; and Taylor’s position, 143–46, 148, 149, 151–53, 155–56 Comaroff, John, 10 Compton, E. L., 158–59 Coonan, Irene, 139–150, 152, 159, 208n7 Dagenett, Charles, 30, 33 dances: dance classes, 62; domestic workers’, 85–88, 104; official suppression of, 71–72, 86–87; traditional, 86 Dayton, Cornelia, 120 doctors: Indian Service, 124–25; “Dr. Smythe,” 117, 124–26, 200n56 domestic service: and colonization, 12–14; as site of women’s crosscultural relationships, 13; and whiteness, 110 domestic workers, 3; accommodation of, 67–68, 82–83, 90–91, 103–4; African American competition, 103; agency of, 13, 17, 39, 95–96, 162; changing/leaving places, 26–27, 73, 92, 94, 143, 158; complaints about, 25–28, 41–43, 88–89; cultural obligations, 95, 103; dances, 85–88, 104; earnings of, 102, 128–29; economic contribution of, 102–3, 157; Mexican competition, 39, 103; networks, 92; parental concerns, 45–46, 72, 103; parties, 84–86, 97, 104–6, 117; relationships with employers, 39, 74, 92, 94–96; relationships with outing matrons, 75, 89, 92, 94, 105–6, 109, 114–15, 129, 163–65; sexual vulnerability of, 128; urban culture of, 87–88 domestic workers, individual: “A——, Clara,” 35–36, 39, 41, 44; “A——, Edith,” 152; “A——, Marie,” 69–70; “Agnes,” 112–13; “Carmel ,” 123; “E——, Alice,” 46–48, 51; “Elena,” 69–71; “Felicita,” 101–2; “Francine,” 152; G——, Eliciana, 158; “H——, Nellie,” 116; “J——, Juana,” 119–20, 126–27, 164; “J——, Marisa,” 119–20, 127; “Jane,” 83; “L——, Belle,” 117, 124–26; “Lilly,” 100–2, 115, 192n69; “Lupe,” 94; “Lyda,” 121, 123; “Molly,” 83, 92–93, 95; “N——, Lena,” 121–29; “P——, Eliza,” 67, 70; “P——, Minnie,” 35–36, 39, 41, 44; “S——, Lolita,” 46–48, 51, 68, 100; “Sally,” 83 domesticity, training Indian women in, 6–7, 11 Dorchester, Daniel, 19–20, 24 Doyle, Mary, 40–41, 132 Drachman, Ethel, 39, 192n58 drinking. See alcohol consumption Duclos, A. F., 98 Easchief, Mrs. Mannie, 139–40, 203n17 Easchief, Viola, 140, 159 Elliott, Jasper, 126–28, 131–32, 136, 150, 152–55, 159 Ely, Annie S., 30 Emmerich, Lisa, 8, 40, 203n10 employers: anxieties of, 96–97; concerns about, 25–28, 43, 67, 91; guest ranches, 139, 141; Jewish, 157; and maternalism, 14, 55, 91; Mexican, 39, 65, 113; networks, 39, 63; preference for Indian workers, 39, 81, 103, 145, 157; relationships with outing matrons, 62–63, 75, 90–92, 112–14, 129, 163–65...