The Life-Giving Stone: Ethnoarchaeology of Maya Metates

Index

ac’qeen, 25–26, 102, 114 Acalá, 21 achiote, 76, 78, 122–124, 136–137 Adams, Jenny, 83–84, 86 Aguateca, 112, 147 Alta Verapaz, 9; Maya of, 21–23; metate distribution to, 69, 111 American Southwest, 82–83 archaeological analogy, 6–8 auc, 140–141 awas, 90–96, 139, 142, 148 Aztec, 80, 82, 84–85 Baja Verapaz, 22, 69, 70 barreta, 34, 42, 44, 47 Bartolomé de Las Casas, Fray, 21 basalt, 19, 96, 111, 130; manufacture/extraction of, 35, 38–41, 44, 47; selection of, 55–57; source material, 82–84; vesicles in, 55–56, 84, 96, 102, 146 brazo, 11, 13, 104, 148 cacao, 5, 76, 78, 98, 148 Cahabon, 69 Carcha, 9–10, 23–24 Casas Grandes, Mexico, 133–134, 141 Cerén, El Salvador, 17, 112–119, 135, 146 Chamelco, 9–10, 69–70 Chiapas, 18, 35, 80, 110 Chicojl, 10, 22–24, 29, 31, 75 Chiñas, Beverly, 79, 84–86 chuunteel, 129–130 Clark, John E., 8, 83, 98, 112, 148–149; ethnographic research, 6, 33, 75, 104 Cobán, 9–10, 22, 24, 67, 69–70 Index coefficient of variation, 124–129, 132–136, 145 comal, 80–81, 87, 89–90, 115, 118, 147 Copán, 82 corn: processing of, 74–90; related taboos, 93–96. See also maize Coxoh Ethnoarchaeology Project, 6, 35, 67, 106 debitage, 47, 49, 52–54, 145 Eastern-style metates, 29–30, 57, 69, 76; description of, 11, 13; gifting of, 72–73; sizes of, 59; standardization of, 124–135; wear patterns of, 101–103, 148 Eerkens, Jelmer, 124–26, 131, 146 El Durazno, 28 El Salvador, 17–18, 20, 112–113; distribution of metates to, 11, 29, 67 ethnoarchaeology, 7–8, 143 explosives, 33, 39 fierros, 42, 47, 50 García Chavez, Raúl Ernesto, 32, 38 gender, 3, 17, 141, 143, 149 gender complementarity, 3, 74, 138–143 gender roles, 3, 64–65, 138–141, 144 gifting, 3, 16, 67, 72–74, 110, 138 grinder (hand), 30, 75, 82, 138, 142, 152 Guatemala: cultural landscape of, 18–29 Hawkins, John, 106–108 Hayden, Brian, 32, 84, 98, 148; ethnoarchaeology research, 5–6, 32; study of manufacture, 35–38, 55–56, 60, 145 index 166 hearth, 75, 115–119, 135, 147 Honduras, 10–11, 18, 20, 29, 67, 82 horquetas, 117–119, 129, 136 Horsfall, Gayel, 60, 120–123, 129, 146, 148 Hu, Don Marco, 9, 11, 29, 69–71, 111 Huehuetenango, 120, 146 Ilocab, 24–25 Isaac, Barry L., 79, 84–85, 90, 147 Ixtahuacán (Santa Catarina), 10, 29–31, 76, 98, 110, 142; history of, 25–27 Ixtatan (San Mateo), 120 Izabal, 69–70 Jalapa, 9–11, 28, 38, 70, 103, 110 Jilotepeque (San Luis) 100, 103, 110–111, 118–119, 131; history of, 28–31; metate production in, 9–10, 16, 38–39, 41, 50–60, 64; sale of metates in, 66–67, 69–70 K’iche’, 9–11, 19–21, 67, 107, 126, 156; history of, 24–28; metate production by, 32–33, 38–39, 55–56; metate use by, 71, 75–79, 86–88, 104–105, 129; taboos of, 91–97, 141–142, 148 Kalinga, 15, 149 Kaqchikel, 24, 28 Kidder, Alfred V., 4–5, 111 kitchens, 75, 85, 99, 137, 139–140; metate location in, 113–120 Lacandón, 21–22 Lanquín, 24, 30, 69 Leonard, Robert, 124, 133–135, 145 Lewis, Oscar, 82, 84, 86 life cycle, 6–9 maize: planting of, 140–143; processing of, 74–90, 146–147. See also corn Malacatancito, 35, 37–38, 47, 53, 55–56, 67 manero, 50–51, 69 manos: discard/reuse, 98–100; production of, 50–51; use of, 75–90; wear patterns of, 101–106 marketplaces, 9, 66–67 masa, 23, 30, 94–95, 119, 148; consistency of, 75–76, 78; regrinding of, 31, 81, 110, 152 Maya: language groups, 18–31; ethnoarchaeology of, 1–9 Maya lowlands, 111, 147 Mayan orthography, 156 McBryde, Felix, 70–71 measurements: during production, 43, 57–61; for standardization, 32, 124–128, 131, 134, 136, 145 mecapal (tumpline), 69–70, 140 mechanical mill, 79–82 medida, 43, 57–59, 128, 145 Merton, Robert K., 8 Mesoamerica, 32–33, 67, 83, 88, 144–145 metateros, 9, 16, 25, 111; distribution/sales, 66–71; manufacturing techniques of, 32–64; patrilineal line of, 64–65, 145, 149; standardization techniques of, 124–134, 145 metates: breakage, 8, 56, 97–100; determining economic status, 107–110; discard/reuse, 98–100; distribution/ acquisition of, 67–74, 111...