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Table of Contents
- Brookings Institution Press
- Chapter
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vii Contents Foreword xi Acknowledgments xix Abbreviations and Conventions xxi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Challenges to Effecting Change 2 1.2 The PIJC Concept 5 1.3 Overview of PIJC in Developing and Transition Countries 9 1.4 Caveats and Contents 19 2 The PIJC Approach 22 2.1 Canonical Steps in a PIJC Application 22 2.2 Decomposition of the PIJC Mechanism 32 2.3 Types of PIJC Incentive Mechanisms 39 2.4 Monitoring and Evaluation in the PIJC Approach 45 2.5 A Framework to Assess PIJC Experience to Date 48 2.6 Selection and Organization of Case Studies 51 3 Review of Certification Experience 54 3.1 Simple Certification 55 3.2 Pecuniary Certification 82 11601-00_FM-rev2.qxd 5/4/09 11:16 AM Page vii 4 Review of Tournament Experience 99 4.1 Pure Tournaments 99 4.2 Mixed Tournaments 124 5 Review of Other Relevant Experience 151 6 Synthesis and Analysis 166 6.1 Influence of PIJC Design Characteristics on Project Outcomes 167 6.2 Comparing the Effectiveness of Alternative Project Designs 197 6.3 Sustainability and Scalability of PIJC Applications 211 6.4 Role of Initial Conditions and Other Requirements for Successful PIJC Applications 229 6.5 Selecting the Appropriate Incentive Design 234 7 Conclusions and Scope for Future Applications 251 7.1 Clarifying the Fundamental Issues 251 7.2 Pros and Cons of the PIJC Approach 255 7.3 Simplifying the PIJC Approach 287 7.4 Areas for Follow-Up Research and Testing 290 Appendixes A. Inventory of Projects 297 B. Technical Exhibits for the Detailed Case Study Assessments 318 B1. Russian Fiscal Tournament Indicators 318 B2. Nigerian Scorecard Assessment Calculation 320 B3. Summary of Municipality Ranking Variables, Mancomunidades Project, Honduras 321 C. Anatomy of a PIJC Application 325 D. Mathematical Treatment of PIJC Leveraging of Sponsor Funds 336 References 347 Index 355 List of Boxes 1-1. Linking Budget Support to Performance 13 1-2. ILO Program for Small Enterprise Development 16 4-1. Screening Process for the Galing Pook Awards 101 6-1. The EU Accession Game 227 7-1. Design Parameters to Calibrate or Set in a PIJC 282 viii contents 11601-00_FM-rev2.qxd 5/4/09 11:16 AM Page viii [52.55.214.236] Project MUSE (2024-03-29 01:50 GMT) contents ix List of Figures 4-1. KDP Management Structure 113 4-2. The Process of Allocating Funds in the Activity Cycle (Round) 114 6-1. Potential Linkages between Process-Product Sustainability and Incentive Design 216 D-1. Derivation of When Tournaments Are Preferred to the Standard Contract 345 List of Tables 2-1. Typology and Examples of PIJC Incentive Designs 41 2-2. Desirable Incentive Characteristics Available to Alternative PIJC Designs 49 2-3. Topics for Evaluating Full and Partial PIJC Applications 50 2-4. Substantive Areas of Potential Interest for Investigation 51 2-5. Organization of PIJC Application Vignettes 53 3-1. Impacts of CRCs in Different Locations 65 3-2. Variation in Institutional Forms of CRCs 66 3-3. Number of Evaluations Performed by USAID Missions, 1993–97 77 3-4. Summary of Auditor’s Findings on R4 Reporting at Seven Missions, 2001 78 4-1. Award Criteria and Weight 102 4-2. Kecamatan Budget Limits to Distribute among Its Villages 115 5-1. Summary of Initiatives with PIJC Components, by Substantive Category 152 6-1. Comparison of Characteristics and Impacts of Case Studies Assessed 168 6-2. Case Study Correlations of Task Participation and Resulting Project Success 172 6-3. Effect of Desirable Characteristics on PIJC Project Success 176 6-4. Case Study Correlations of Substandard Effort Concern and Mechanism Design 177 6-5. Case Study Correlation of Participation Objective and Choice of Pure Tournament 178 6-6. Case Study Correlations of Ex-Post (Input or Output) Incentives and Project Success 178 6-7. Case Study Correlations of Project Sustainability and Voluntary Participation 179 6-8. Case Study Correlations of Ex-Post Output Incentives and the Need for Greater Monitoring 184 6-9. Is the Need for Collective Action Associated with Larger PIJC Rewards? 190 6-10. Do Sponsors Give Funds Up Front to Winners of PIJCs Requiring Large Investments? 191 11601-00_FM-rev2.qxd 5/4/09 11:16 AM Page ix 6-11. Summary of Case Study Game Objectives, Costs, Duration, and Number of Players 193 6-12. Incentive Design Influence on Link between Process and Product Sustainability 217 6-13. Choice of PIJC Incentive Design by...