The Urban Social History of the Middle East, 1750-1950

Title Page, Copyright

The Urban Social History of the Middle East, 1750–1950 Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East Mehrzad Boroujerdi, Series Editor Other titles in Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East Algeria and France, 1800–2000: Identity, Memory, Nostalgia Patricia M. E. Lorcin Britain and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1906–1911: Foreign Policy, Imperialism, and Dissent Mansour Bonakdarian Class and Labor in Iran: Did the Revolution Matter? Farhad Nomani and Sohrab Behdad Democracy and Civil Society in Arab Political Thought: Transcultural Possibilities Michaelle L. Browers Globalization and the Muslim World: Culture, Religion, and Modernity Birgit Schaebler and Leif Stenberg, eds. In the Path of Hizbullah A. Nizar Hamzeh The Kurds and the State: Evolving National Identity in Iraq, Turkey, and Iran Denise Natali The Politics of Public Memory in Turkey Esra Özyürek, ed. Quest for Divinity: A Critical Examination of the Thought of Mahmud Muhammad Taha Mohamed A. Mahmoud Religion, Society, and Modernity in Turkey Şerif Mardin The Urban Social History of the MiddleE st, 1750-1950 Edited by p e t e r s l u g l e t t S Y R A C U S E U N I V E R S I T Y P R E S S Copyright © 2008 by Syracuse University Press Syracuse, New York 13244-5290 All Rights Reserved First Paperback Edition 2011 11 12 13 14 15 5 4 3 2 1 Mohamad El-Hindi Books on Arab Culture and Islamic Civilization are published with the assistance of a grant from the M.E.H. Foundation. ∞The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48–1992. For a listing of books published and distributed by Syracuse University Press, visit our Web site at SyracuseUniversityPress.syr.edu. ISBN (paper): 978-0-8156-3267-2 ISBN (cloth): 978-0-8156-3194-1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Library of Congress has cataloged the hardcover edition as follows: The urban social history of the Middle East, 1750–1950 / edited by Peter Sluglett. — 1st ed. p. cm. — (Modern intellectual and political history of the Middle East) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8156-3194-1 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Cities and towns—Middle East—History. 2. Urbanization—Middle East—History. 3. Middle East—History. I. Sluglett, Peter. HT147.M53U73 2008 307.760956—dc22 2008034043 Manufactured in the United States of America ...