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>> 197 Notes Notes to the Preface 1. As Bruno Latour notes, “Digital democracy has generated a lot of hype, but . . . its true development is still to come and that it will be necessary to invest also, in no small part, in the theoretical import of the notion of network” (Latour 2010a:17) since the “expansion of digitality has enormously increased the material dimension of networks: the more digital, the less virtual and the more material a given activity becomes” (2010a:8, emphasis in original). 2. Retrieved at http://www.ibm.com/ibm/responsibility/awards_recognition.shtml, May 27, 2012. 3. Retrieved at http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet. Accessed May 11, 2012. 4. Retrieved at http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/events/sustainable_ development/12jan2010/html/index.html. Accessed May 11, 2012. 5. In July 2012, for example, IBM signed a collaboration agreement with the Tanzanian Ministry of Communication, Science and Technology to “help accelerate the adoption of technology as part of Tanzania’s ongoing development and strategy to increase its competitiveness in East Africa.” Retrieved at http://www03 .ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/38243.wss, July 6, 2012. 6. Retrieved at http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet. Accessed May 11, 2012. Notes to Chapter 1 1. Superfund is the name given to the environmental program established to address abandoned hazardous waste sites. It is also the name of the fund established by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980. This law was enacted in response to the discovery of toxic waste sites such as Love Canal and Times Beach in the 1970s. The Superfund Program allows the EPA to clean up such sites and to compel responsible parties to perform cleanups or reimburse the government for EPA-led cleanups. 2. The 2010 Census found that 7 percent identified themselves as black and the renter-occupied housing units made up 58 percent of all properties in the community. 3. Bourdieu clearly explicates the “downsizing” or “delocalization” effects of capitalism powered by increased financialization: “The increased freedom to 198 > 199 Along with other IT firms, IBM is an active player in providing information technology solutions to help monitor, track, and, ultimately, assist in the ongoing reformation of both globalized capitalism and the neoliberal state. They are coupled creations with shared interests in “devising cunning new ways of squeezing liquidity out of the fabulously complex flows of capital” (Besteman and Gusterson 2010:4). Notes to Chapter 2 1. One could also look to the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, who in his Culture and Value argued, “Work on philosophy—like work in architecture in many respects—is really more work on oneself. On one’s own conception. On how one sees things. (And what one expects of them)” (Wittgenstein 1980 [1931], 24e). 2. As Stengers puts it, “Ecological practice (political in the broad sense) is then related to the production of values, to the proposal of new modes of evaluation, new meanings. But those values, modes of evaluation, and meanings do not transcend the situation in question, they do not constitute its intelligible truth. They are about the production of new relations that are added to a situation already produced by a multiplicity of relations” (Stengers 2010:33; emphasis in original). 3. Much of this scholarship was inspired by the foundational works of Henri Lefebvre (1991) and Gaston Bachelard (1958). 4. Legal theory, as Reno (2011) points out, matters when exploring the emplacement experience of residents coping with hazardous waste, especially since owners of properties in the plume possess “the legal ability—not just the physical might—to keep others [IBM] from interfering with one’s acts” (Freyfogle 2010:80). 5. It is important here to draw attention to the observation that “Just as a privileging of ownership discourse obscures other commitments to and methods of caring for place, an emphasis on impaired enjoyment renders of environmental harm and justice or wider concerns about the consequences of neoliberal policies inadmissible” (Reno 2011:527). 6. See Downey and Dummit (1997), Gusterson (1996), Haraway (1989), Helmreich (1998), Martin (1994), Nader (1996), Rabinow (1999), Rajan (2006, 2012), Traweek (1988), 7. See Deleuze and Guattari (1987). 8. Retrieved at http://www.fema.gov/government/mitigation.shtm, June 7, 2012. 9. Habermas used the concept of “scientization” to describe this process, arguing that state actors turn “to strictly scientific recommendations in the exercise of their public functions” (Habermas 1970:62). 10. Risk, as earlier anthropological studies of risk have pointed out (Douglas and Wildavasky 1982; Douglas...