The Supreme Court and Election Law: Judging Equality from Baker v. Carr to Bush v. Gore

Index

Abate v. Mundt, 193 Ackerman, Bruce, 214 African-American voting rights. See Race Age restrictions. See Voter qualifications Alden v. Maine, 215 Aleinikoff, T. Alexander, 217 Alexander, Larry, 192 Allen v. State Board of Elections, 31–32 Amar, Akhil Reed, 206 Anderson v. Celebrezze, 40, 95, 208 Ansolabehere, Stephen, 152 Antiplutocracy principle, 11–12, 73–74, 86–88 Apportionment. See Districting and apportionment Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes, 41 Atkins v. Virginia, 206 Auerbach, Carl A., 202 Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce, 39, 111–15, 118, 164 Avery v. Midland County, 23, 27, 54, 56, 60, 164, 189, 195 Ayres, Ian, 215 Baker v. Carr, 2, 4–7, 9, 10, 13, 50–53, 76, 82, 157, 164; race cases, relation to, 29 Balancing, 92–99, 102, 116–20, 138–39, 147–49 Ball, Howard, 192 Ball v. James, 195 Ballot access. See Collective action principle ; Political parties Barometer equality approach. See Campaign finance regulation Barry, Brian, 220 Becker, Gary, 207 Beer v. United States, 196 Black, Justice Hugo L., 122, 157, 209 Blackmun, Justice Harry A., 68, 107, 114, 213 Board of Estimate v. Morris, 56, 195 Board of Trustees v. Garrett, 128–29, 131, 132 Bonifaz, John, 207 Bowman, Cynthia Grant, 192 Breedlove v. Suttles, 197 Brennan, Justice William J., 52, 53, 70, 83, 107–9, 112, 114, 118, 123–24, 126, 160, 210–11 Breyer, Justice Stephen, 115, 116 Briffault, Richard, 56, 63–64, 195, 202, 204 Brown v. Board of Education, 158, 220 Brown v. Thomson, 24, 25, 193 Buckley v. Valeo, 39, 94, 105–9, 111, 117–18, 164, 189, 198 Bullock v. Carter, 38, 73 Burdick v. Takushi, 146 Burger, Chief Justice Warren E., 106–7, 160 Burns v. Fortson, 194 Burns v. Richardson, 196 Bush v. Gore, 5, 9, 60–61, 93, 155, 158–59, 164, 189; Article II claim, 17; Baker v. Carr, relation to, 2, 9, 75; contested equality claim, 65–67; Equal Protection Clause and, 42–44, 84; history of litigation , 41–44; precedent, relation to prior, 41–46; structural equal protection claim, 143 Bush v. Vera, 217 Business improvement districts (“BIDS”). See Special purpose districts Cabell v. Chavez-Salido, 195 California Democratic Party v. Jones, 39, 149, 164 Cain, Bruce E., 55, 146, 201, 217, 218 Caminker, Evan, 134, 220 221 Index Campaign finance regulation, 101; and political equality/barometer rationale, 104–20; and public financing, 87–88, 120 Canon, David T., 192, 218 Carrington v. Rash, 25–26, 164, 194 Charles, Guy-Uriel E., 217 Chisom v. Roemer, 196 Choper, Jesse H., 191 Cipriano v. City of Houma, 197 Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley, 110, 118 City of Boerne v. Flores, 125–26, 129, 132, 133–35 City of Mobile v. Bolden, 2, 14–16, 18, 30, 32, 50, 68–69, 90–95, 133, 159, 164, 214 City of Phoenix v. Kolodziejski, 197 City of Rome v. United States, 124, 125, 129–30 Clark, Justice Tom C., 157, 209 Cole, David, 133–34 Colegrove v. Green, 50, 75 Collective action principle, 11–12, 88–92, 94–96, 137, 147; fair fight corollary, 90–92, 134 College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board, 127–28, 132 Commerce Clause, 125 Confusion of voters, 97–98, 138 Congressional power to promote political equality, 120–36 Constitution. See Political equality, constitutional provisions; and particular constitutional provisions Core and contested equality concepts, 7, 11–12, 75–81, 101–4, 142–43 Davis v. Bandemer, 9, 39, 50, 51, 69–71, 164 Dershowitz, Alan, 198 Deutsch, Jan, 58–59, 202 Dickson, Del, 200 Districting and apportionment, 17–19, 22–25, 53–56, 76–77, 101, 149–53 Dixon, Robert G., 201 Dorf, Michael, 49, 66, 190, 204 Douglas, Justice William O., 124, 157 Dunn v. Blumstein, 26–27, 83 Dworkin, Ronald, 210 Easley v. Cromartie, 36, 217 Edwards, Paul S., 199–200, 201 Eighth Amendment, 80, 162 Eisgruber, Christopher L., 190 Eleventh Amendment, 125 Elrod v. Burns, 189 Ely, John Hart, 4, 54, 62, 199, 203 Employment Division Department of Human Resources v. Smith, 126 Epstein, Richard A., 203 Equality. See Political equality Equal Protection Clause, 17, 21–23, 29, 50–54, 57, 69, 113, 148, 153, 157–58, 162; structural equal protection, 45–46, 139–43 Essential political rights principle, 11–12, 82–86 Estreicher, Samuel, 191 Eule, Julian N., 209–10 Evans v. Cornman, 194 Expressive harms. See Race, racial gerrymandering claim Fair fight corollary. See Collective action principle Federal Election Campaign Act. See...