Soft Soil, Black Grapes: The Birth of Italian Winemaking in California

Index

 261  African Americans, 13, 137, 168–170, 190; discrimination against, 137 Agriculture: and California early economic development, 12–13, 73–74; concentration of Italian immigrants in, 41–42, 58, 197 Aime, Joe, 30 Asians, 2–3, 50, 137–138, 141, 190, 199; discrimination against, 137. See also individual national groups Barlotti, James, 122, 204 Barra, Charles, 235 Barra, Martha, 235 Bianco, Battista, 117, 204 Biane, Philo, 30 Busch, Adolphus, 215 Caire, Justinian, 67 California: as “American Mediterranean ,” 9, 43, 47–48, 51, 72, 212; as a fabled destination for Italian migrants, 39–40; as a multiethnic/ multiracial society, 44–45, 209–210; similarity to Italy, 9–10, 43, 47–57, 227 Castellano, Emilio, 121 Castellano, Rosa Amillo, 121 Cella, Giovanni Battista, 226 Cella, Lorenzo, 226 Chain migration, 186, 197, 230; to Asti, 130; to Guasti, 130–131 Chavez, Cesar, 178 Chinese Americans, 14, 50, 81, 133, 136–138, 229; discrimination against, 136–137, 193, 208. See also Asians Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), 50, 137, 207, 229 Coleman, James, 126 Conrotto, Trudie, 235 Consumers, 75, 167–168, 232, 234; black, 168–170; immigrant, 16, 149, 156 Index 262  index Cooperation, as an ethos of Italian immigrants , 89–90, 94–105 Cotta, Joseph, 144 Cranston, Alan, 179–180 Crawford, Charles, 155 De Matteis, Giovanni, 30 Dole, Bob, 178–179, 181 Du Bois, W. E. B., 143 Ethnic capital, 8–9, 230, 233; as cultural capital, 94, 110, 115, 156, 217; of Italian winemakers, 3–4, 16–17, 93; as privileged access to credit, 93, 101–105; as privileged access to labor, 132, 138–139; as social capital, 108–111, 115, 129–132, 186, 196, 228 Ethnic economy, definition of, 108 Ethnic entrepreneurship: definition of, 107–108; and immigrant modes of incorporation in U.S. society, 111–113, 183 European immigrants, 1, 71, 73, 81, 86–87, 133, 194, 209, 218, 229, 231. See also individual national groups Family, as part of the entrepreneurial culture of Italian winemakers, 115–127 Fenderson, Al, 168 Ferdinand of Savoy (Prince), 162 Fichera, Sebastian, 42, 93–94, 102–104, 130, 133, 198 Fish industry, concentration of Italian immigrants in, 199–200 Fontana, Mark J., 96, 198–199 Forresti, Dante, 129–130 Franzia, Giuseppe, 119, 126, 226 Fremont, John Charles, 9, 48 French Americans, 1, 67, 71, 81, 91, 133, 211, 218, 231. See also European immigrants Frohling, John, 73 Gabaccia, Donna R., 42 Gallo, Aileen Lowe, 119 Gallo, Amelia Franzia, 118, 120 Gallo, Celia (Celestina) Bianco, 117, 126 Gallo, David E., 70, 126 Gallo, Ernest, 6–8; direction of marketing , 165–170; marriage and family relationships, 118–119, 122–127; and the origins of the Gallo Winery, 30–32, 68–70 Gallo, Joe (Giuseppe), 7, 31–32, 57–59, 204–205, 218; early life in Italy, 68; lack of agricultural and winemaking skills, 68–70; marriage and family relationships, 117–118; murder-suicide , 59, 125 Gallo, Joseph E., 70, 126 Gallo, Joseph Jr., 124–125 Gallo, Julio, 6–8; marriage and family relationships, 119, 122–127; and the origins of the Gallo Winery, 30–32, 68–70; trips to Europe, 156 Gallo, Mike (Michele), 31, 117, 125–126 Gallo, Philip, 126 Gallo, Robert J., 70, 126 Gallo, Susan, 70 Gallo Winery, 6–7; Carlo Rossi Red Mountain, 168; as family business, 122–127; “Gallo Amendment,” 179– 181; lawsuit against Joseph Gallo, Jr., 125; marketing and advertising, 165–170; origins, 30–32, 70; Paisano, index  263 168; Pink Chablis, 168; political lobbying, 175–181; Ripple, 168, 177; technical innovation and mechanization of production, 154–156; Thunderbird, 168–170, 176 German Americans, 1, 22, 71, 81, 84, 133, 145, 194, 209, 211–212, 215, 218, 231. See also European immigrants Giannini, Amadeo P., 104, 174–175 Gillett, James N., 172–173 Giulì, Aurelia Amillo, 121 Giulì, Nicola, 121, 204 Gold Rush, The, 13, 68, 73, 199 Gompers, Samuel, 194 Grape varieties: Alicante Bouschet, 58; Barbera, 11; Cabernet Sauvignon, 78; Carignane, 78; Gewürztraminer, 78; Grignolino, 154; Mission, 72, 80; Moscato, 64; Nebbiolo, 10–11, 64, 77; Pinot Noir, 78; Riesling, 78; Sauvignon Blanc, 78; Semillon, 78; Sylvaner, 78; Zinfandel, 58, 78. See also Wines Guasti, Louisa Amillo, 29, 117, 121–122, 143–144 Guasti, Secondo Jr., 6, 30, 121–122 Guasti, Secondo, 5–7; early life in Italy, 68; marriage and family relationships , 121; and the origins of the Italian Vineyard Company, 28–30, 55–57, 80–81; racial identity, 145, 195; trips to Europe, 121 Guglielmo...