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187 The letter f following a page number denotes a figure. The letter t denotes a table. Aaron (pseud.), 57, 63, 114, 166t activists, lesbian and gay, 9–12, 25–26; and heteronormativity, 142–145, 173n1; key informants as, 17, 169; and love in marriage, 66– 69, 80; marriage as protest tactic, 21, 26–27, 131; and San Francisco weddings, 1–3, 5, 27–28, 29. See also names of activists and activist groups Adam, Barry, 119 Addy (pseud.), 37, 72, 109–110, 125– 127, 152, 155, 166t, 167t adoption, 45, 51–52, 99, 157; secondparent adoption, 51, 93, 95, 172n2 African Americans, 135, 166–168t. See also black, as race age factors, 17, 83, 166–168t AIDS movement, 28. See also HIV/ AIDS Alan (pseud.), 52, 72, 76, 79, 81, 112, 121–122, 166t Alaska, 23, 36 Alex (pseud.), 4, 98, 167t Alexander, Jason, 172n3 “already married,” 70–73, 75–77, 80, 107 Anne (pseud.), 3–5, 14, 52, 79, 106–107, 114, 124, 127–128, 134, 139–140, 155, 165, 166t, 167t anniversaries, 61, 98, 115, 122, 124–126 Arizona, 22–23 Arnett, Jeffrey, 97, 108 Asian Americans, 37, 166–168t assimilation, 10, 66, 119, 129, 158 attorney’s fees, 51, 53 Auchmuty, Rosemary, 88 authenticity, 6, 57–58 Badgett, M. V. Lee, 96, 119, 154 Baehr v Miike, 22–23 Baker, Richard, 22 bakeries, 5, 31 Baker v. Nelson, 21–22 Baker v. Vermont, 24 Barbara (pseud.), 4, 59, 83, 89, 91, 120, 153, 166t Bay Area, 17, 42, 67–68, 131, 161– 163; as gay-friendly, 131, 149 Belgium, 24 benefits of marriage. See rights/benefits of marriage Berkeley (Calif.), 25 Berkowitz, Dana, 11 Bernstein, Mary, 9–10, 37, 66, 69, 81, 157 bisexual people, 8–9 black, as race, 37, 135 Bloomberg, Michael, 151–152 I N D E x 188 Index Bourdieu, Pierre, 16–17, 44, 171n6 Brian (pseud.), 20, 33, 53, 59, 71, 124–125, 132, 141, 143, 165, 166t, 167t British Columbia, 24 Britt, Lory, 137 Broaddus, Toni, 169 Buddhists, 122 Burgess, Ernest, 13 Bush, George W., 1, 24, 171n1 Butler, Judith, 58, 129 Calhoun, Cheshire, 9 California: DoMA (Defense of Marriage Act), 25–26, 142; domestic partnerships in, 25–26, 29–30, 40, 47, 50, 110, 112; family code, 25; as gay-friendly state, 53, 131, 137, 145, 149; Proposition 22, 26; Proposition 8, 147, 152; In re Marriage Cases, 47; state legislature, 25–26; Supreme Court, 4–6, 47, 139–142, 147. See also San Francisco (Calif.) Canada, 24 capitalism, 8, 89, 91 Carrie (pseud.), 40, 56, 166t, 167t censuses, U.S. (2000), 84, 96, 98 Change, Kevin, 22 Chauncey, George, 86, 93 Cherlin, Andrew, 13, 106, 109 children: and “best man,” 117; and changes caused by marriage, 116–118, 144, 155; and heteronormativity , 138, 144; and individualized marriage, 13, 94; and love in marriage, 69; and parental rights, 45–46, 49–51, 63, 86, 93–100, 103; and San Francisco weddings, 3, 14, 18, 34, 83, 95–96, 116–117, 138; to signify sexual identity, 39; stepchildren , 116–117, 155 Chris (pseud.), 52, 72, 76, 81, 112, 121–122, 166t citizenship, U.S., 30, 157; and rights/ benefits of marriage, 8, 45–46, 48, 54; and social recognition, 58–59 civil disobedience, 4, 20, 41 civil rights movement, 40–41, 135, 151 civil unions, 13–14, 24, 47, 62, 118, 143 class differences, 74, 83, 102–103, 130–131 Clinton, Bill, 23 Cobb, Jonathan, 130–131 cohabitation, 108, 119 collectivity: and heteronormativity, 137, 143; and long lines, 33, 35; and love in marriage, 69; and San Francisco weddings, 20, 33, 35, 41, 137, 143; and shared identity, 33 commitment, 8; changed by marriage , 104–110, 118–129, 142, 155; demographic data on, 18, 166t–168t; and Freedom to Marry Day (Feb. 12), 68; and gender, 85, 88, 94; and heteronormativity, 132, 135, 137, 142, 155; and love in marriage, 65–66, 68, 70–77, 80–81; and previous marriages, 61–62; and rights/benefits of marriage, 55–56, 59–63; and San Francisco weddings, 2–4, 28–29, 31, 36–37, 48–49, 59, 77, 132, 135, 137, 142; and social recognition, 55–56, 59– 60; and visibility, 36–37. See also commitment ceremonies commitment ceremonies, 15, 27, 49, 145; changes in, 105, 116, 118–129; decrease in, 127–128; as “kiss of death,” 119–120; and love in marriage , 72, 75–76; private, 123–127, 155; public, 120–123, 127, 155; scripts of, 105, 118–119, 124, 126...

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