Girlhood: A Global History

Index

407 Index Abidin, Ibn, 347 abolitionism, 3, 323; and “breeding wenches,” 336; and girlhood, 336; and planter purchase preferences, 328, 334, 335, 339–340n8; and slave classifications, 336–338 Aboriginal girls, xiii, 9, 11, 215–216, 250–267; abuse of, 262; age of, 254, 256; assimilation of, 257–264; and assimilation schools, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259–264; and British assimilation policies, 250, 251, 252–253, 259, 264; and British welfare policies, 252, 253, 255, 259, 264; and child removal policies, 250, 251, 253, 255, 257–259, 260, 264; Christianization of, 252; and cultural identity, 251, 255, 257, 258, 260; and colonial eugenics, 253, 254, 255, 264; as defined as by the state, 250–251, 253; as domestic laborers, 251, 253, 256, 257, 260, 263–264; and domestic training, 251, 253, 256, 257, 259, 264; friendships of, 251, 260–261, 264, 265; as “half castes,” 9, 216, 251, 252, 253, 255, 264; as indentured labor, 256, 263; innocence of, 257; kidnappings, 254; and loss of girlhood, 257, 264; and marriage, 254, 255, 257; and matrifocality, 257; and miscegenation, 252, 253, 264; and missionaries, 252, 254; and oral history, 251; and parents, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256, 259, 265; passing as boys, 254; perceived childlike attributes, 256; and pregnancy, 256; punishment of, 261–262; and racial classifications, 253, 264; and resistance, 251, 252, 262–263, 265; as runaways, 253, 262–263; segregation of, 255, 259; sexual behavior of, 251, 252, 254, 256, 257; sexual vulnerability of, 253, 254; and socialization, 254, 255, 257; as tools of colonialism, 251, 256; and weekend freedom, 259–260, 261; and white men, 253, 254, 255, 256. See also Australia abortion, 173 Académie française, 49 acculturation. See assimilation Ackerman, Susan, 391 Addams, Jane, 46n11 adolescence, 6, 9, 23, 31, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 51, 83, 106, 109, 142, 143, 145, 150, 153–154, 156, 243, 323, 364, 367, 376, 377. See also teenagers; youth cultures adoption, 173 Africa, 346; current state of education in, 270; girls in, 3, 7, 8, 9, 49–64, 234–249, 268–288, 344–362; patriarchy in, 270 African American girls, xii, 9, 31, 66–67, 103, 124, 125; and beauty, 82n25; boarding houses for, 130; and egg candling, 9, 124–125, 130, 131, 133, 134, 138, 139; “expressing blackness,” 67; independence, 125; and prostitution, 128–129; relationships with mothers, 67, 72, 81n25; sexuality, 82n30; “street” versus “decent” culture, 67; as strike breakers, 134–136; working conditions, 125, 126–127 African American press: Broad Ax, 135; Defender, 134, 135; Negro Advocate, 135 age. See generation age disaggregation, 17–18 agricultural revolution, 6 Ahkam, Majlis al-, 350 AIDS and HIV, 18, 19, 20, 21 Air Raid Precaution Services Dispatch Riders, 175 Alba, Father P., 189 alcohol, 77, 128, 171, 172, 392 Alcott, Louisa May, Little Women, 39 Alfonso X of Castile, 364 al-Futuwwa, 2, 10; boys in, 293; and fascism, 294; female branches, 292; and future warriors, 293, 296; and gender, 290, 295; and girls’ agency, 290, 299; girls in, 216, 290, 295, 299, 300, 301; as an ideal, 292, 295; and Iraqi historical traditions, 295, 298; and loyalty, 296; and male dominance, 291; and masculinity, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296; and the media, 292, 294, 295; and modernity, 295, 296; and nationalism, 290, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 299; and national schooling, 293; and paramilitary training, 292, 294; and paternalism, 291, 296; and socialization, 294, 298; as a tool of the nation-state, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298–299 Algeria, 8, 11, 49–64; decolonization, 49; and French colonization, 49; and sexsegregated space, 58, 59; girlhood in, 49, 50, 51, 53–54, 58–64; history from woman’s point of view, 49, 64n24 index 408 Algerian War of Liberation, 49, 64n21, 64n24; and freedom fighters (maquisardes), 50–51, 53; and rape, 51; and torture, 51 Ali, Mehmet, 354 Allen, Amelia, 39, 47n12 Allen, Fannie, 39, 47n12 Allen, Martha, 304, 306, 315, 318 Allied Commission of Food, 137–138 Allied Provisions Export Commission, 136 Alvarez, Olalla, 105–119; restitution lawsuit, 103, 105–106, 113, 115–118 Amalgamated Meat Cutters, Local 598, 133 American Federation of Labor (AFL), 124, 131, 132, 134, 138 American Girl Dolls, 18 Americanization abroad, 305, 312–313, 315–317 American Railway Union, 134 American Red Cross, 165, 170, 318 Amin, Qasim, 275 Amsterdam, 8, 31, 36; compared to urban African American cultures, 67; cultural diversity in the Bijlmer, 65–67, 68–70, 77–80, 81n11, 81n12; and...