The New Chinese America: Class, Economy, and Social Hierarchy

Index

193 Index 99 Ranch Market, 97, 100 999 Florist, 112 advertisements, 7, 85, 98, 153 agricultural workers, 33 Ah Ding, 93 alien ineligible for citizenship, 80 American-born Chinese, 13, 56, 57, 76, 126 American Fujianese Association, New York, ix amnesty, 162; of 1986, 31 anti-Chinese violence, 19 asylum, 35, 36, 72, 134, 151, 152, 153, 158; petition, 34, 151. See also asylum program; political asylum asylum program, 35,152, 153. See also asylum; political asylum bachelor society, 19 Bible study groups, 9, 154, 155 bilingual classes, 100 Bing Ren, 147 birth rates, 19, 77 black underclass, 64. See also underclass Bolivia, 26 borders, 25, 26, 46, 105, 112, 160; crossing, 25, 27, 29, 30, 46 161, 162; inspection, 18, 160 Boxer Protocol indemnity, 43 bridal shop, 9, 101, 113, 114 Brooklyn, New York, 89, 93, 103, 110 building contractors. See construction Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 29 Bush, George H.W., 21, 34, 116 business, 76, 79; investors, 17; ownership , 75 CAA. See Changle American Association Canada, 28, 29, 112, 160 Cantonese cuisine, 81 CCBA. See Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association census. See U.S. Bureau of the Census Chan, Sucheng, 43 Chan,Weiwei, 51 Chang, Liye, 68, 69 Chang,Tony, 52 Changle, 14; businessmen, 82; Changle ren, 104, 109, 118, 130; as homeland, 103; image of, 119; immigrants from, 14, 103, 105, 107–110, 112, 113, 115–117, 118, 121–123, 127, 131; natives, 15, 104, 109, 113, 115, 118, 119, 130; and PRC, 127, 128, 130, 131; spirit of, 102–131. See also Changle American Association (CAA) Changle American Association (CAA), 102–131; combats prejudice, 118, 124, 126; group solidarity of, 118; on human smuggling , 115; image of, 103; leaders, 103, 112, 115, 117, 119, 121, 122, 123; location, 102; members, 115, 116; native-place sentiment and, 118; networks, 117; relation with homeland, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131 Index 194 Chen, Hangdong, 27 Chen, Qingming, 107 Cheng, Jumei, 47 Chinatowns, 4, 19, 44, 55, 57, 74, 78, 81, 96, 102, 106, 108, 136, 137, 138; business owners, 82; Flushing (Queens, NY), ix; garment industry, 82; historical, 137, 138; housing, 137, 138; new, 2, 136; New York (Manhattan), 81, 83, 86, 90, 102, 103, 107, 108, 111–115, 117, 119, 122, 124–126, 150, 160; old, 79, 97, 136, 137; San Francisco, 81, 82; segregated, 4, 34; urban, 75, 137. See also specific locations Chinese American population, 2, 3, 9, 10, 12, 17–38, 90, 135, 136, 141. See also U.S. Bureau of the Census Chinese Confession Program, 162 Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA), 14, 80, 102, 117 Chinese Consumer Reports, 7. See also Chinese ConsumerYellow Pages; Chinese telephone books; Chinese Yellow Pages Chinese ConsumerYellow Pages, 7, 85. See also Chinese Consumer Reports; Chinese telephone books; Chinese Yellow Pages Chinese Daily News. See Shijie ribao Chinese diaspora, 7, 22, 45. See also immigration, Chinese Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), 4, 19, 161; repeal of, 82 Chinese Grocers Magazine, 78 Chinese Hand Laundry Alliance of New York, 43 Chinese-language media, 100 Chinese-language newspapers, x, 6, 7; advertisements in, 98, 153; letters to, 51, 66; reports, 109, 160 Chinese-language schools, 39, 52. See also education Chinese nationalist government (Taiwan), 21. See also Taiwan Chinese Student Protection Act (1992), 21–22, 33, 34, 132 Chinese telephone books, 97, 98. See also Chinese Consumer Reports; Chinese ConsumerYellow Pages; ChineseYellow Pages ChineseYellow Pages, x, 81, 95, 96, 97, 100, 104. See also Chinese Consumer Reports; Chinese ConsumerYellow Pages; Chinese telephone books churches, 7, 10, 39, 47, 48, 70, 154; gatherings, 70; members, 51, services, 9 citizenship, 24, 57, 58, 69, 80, 130, 132 class: analysis, 6, 40, 41; boundaries, 42, 43, 55, 67, 120; differences, 5, 41, 42, 49, 135; distinctions, 14, 39–73; divisions, 41, 73; dynamics, 5; laboring, 42; low, 5, 44, 65; status, 2, 11, 39, 41, 42, 46, 48, 50, 55, 58, 135; structure, 125. See also middle class coethnic: clients, 158; consumers, 14, 15, 79, 89; employees, 7, 10, 13, 75, 79; employers, 14, 16, 90, 135; entrepreneurs, 60; laborers and tenants, 137; professional service providers, 94. See also ethnic; native place colleges, 5, 54; admissions to, 1, 53, 54, 164, 167; applications to, 2, 54; in China, 53. See also education Communism, 40 community newspapers, 66. See also Chinese-language newspapers construction, 85, 91, 97, 98, 114, 142, 144, 146; companies, 107, Index 195 113; contractors, 10, 146; laborer/ workers...