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1.1 Examples in human physiology where structure is related to function 2 1.2 Basic concepts of the physiology of human health 16 2.1 Summary of the various nervous systems, where they are located, and what they do 20 2.2 Selected classes of chemical neurotransmitters and examples of each 27 3.1 Selected endocrine glands, the hormones they produce and release, and some of their physiological functions 38 3.2 Chemical classification of selected hormones 39 3.3 Short list of various physiological growth factors 49 4.1 Phases of the mammalian cardiac cycle 61 4.2 Segmental arrangement and function of mammalian blood vessels 65 4.3 Selected activities that affect heart rate in mammals 68 5.1 Structures of the conducting and respiratory zones of the mammalian respiratory system 79 5.2 Exchange and transport of respiratory gases between lungs, blood, and tissues 85 5.3 Central respiratory control centers and their functions 88 5.4 Acidity/alkalinity of fluids and body compartments in mammals 90 5.5 Respiratory and renal conditions that lead to imbalances in physiological acid-base homeostasis in mammals 91 7.1 Location and function of sphincters in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract 111 7.2 Properties of mucus that enable it to protect and lubricate 116 7.3 Sequence of events leading to glandular secretions in the GI tract 117 LIST OF TABLES xi 8.1 Some differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis 135 8.2 Examples of disorders in genotypes and phenotypes in humans 136 9.1 Cells of the immune system 140 9.2 Some of the factors involved in tissue injury and inflammatory responses 149 12.1 Sample chart for recording heart rate and blood pressure over time 172 12.2 Sample chart for recording blood lipids over time 178 LIST OF TABLES xii ...

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